Anshun Miao costumes mainly refer to the representative ornaments of Miao compatriots living in Xixiu District and Guanling County. Guanling Buyi and Miao Autonomous County is located in the southwest of central Guizhou Province, on the watershed between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. It is adjacent to Zhenning Buyi and Miao Autonomous County in the northeast, and is bounded by Beipanjiang River in the southwest. It faces Qinglong County, Xingren County, and Zhenfeng County across the river, and borders Liuzhi Special District in the northwest. Guanling County currently has a population of 330,000, of which 23 ethnic minorities such as Buyi, Miao, Gelao, and Yi account for 181,000 people, accounting for 64.3% of the total population, and the Miao population is 35,000, accounting for 10.6% of the total population. Xixiu District is located in the west of central Guizhou Province, at the western end of the Miaoling Mountains. It is adjacent to Pingba and Changshun counties in the east, Ziyun County in the south, Puding County in the north, and Zhenning County in the west. Xixiu District is the seat of Anshun Municipal Government. The territory is located in the stepped slope area in the eastern part of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The terrain slopes from west to north and southeast. The topography is dominated by plateau hills and mountains. The karst development is the most typical area in the province. Both counties are in a subtropical monsoon humid climate. The Miao people are a nation with a long history. Historically, they lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and parts of the Yellow River Basin. Due to historical reasons such as war, they gradually moved westward and lived in the adjacent areas of the five provinces of Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei and Guangxi, centered on the Yuanjiang River (originated in Guizhou and flowed into Hunan). Then they moved to all parts of the country. The long-term migration for thousands of years has caused the isolation of various parts from each other, resulting in the formation of three major dialects of the Miao language, namely the Xiangxi dialect, the Qiandong dialect and the Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect (also known as the western dialect). The Miao people do not have a unified written history record. The historical origins are mainly recorded and remembered by oral transmission and women's clothing. The local Miao people call themselves "Meng" and regard Chiyou, who is on par with Yan and Huang, as their ancestor. According to historical records, the Miao people in Xixiu District and Guanling were the vanguards of the migration. They had to open roads when encountering mountains, build bridges when encountering water, kill enemies and fight beasts, and cut grass in wasteland. They had experienced many vicissitudes of life. After various threats and attacks and the baptism of blood and fire in the long river of history, the remaining ones still maintained ancient costumes, with many folds on their skirts. They all spoke the same language "Wai Shu" and had the same cultural customs. As early as the ancient "San Miao" era (about the 21st century BC), there were records of the custom of "head" of the Miao ancestors (Huainanzi, Qi Su Pian), which was to make a bun on the top of the head with hemp mixed with hair, which was later called "Spine bun". The "Book of the Later Han" also recorded that the Miao people "liked five-color clothes". After the Ming and Qing Dynasties and modern times, with the progress of society and the diversification of fabrics, the Miao people's clothing became more colorful. In modern times, the Miao people's clothing styles are mostly women, while men's clothing is relatively simple, mostly short jackets with front opening, shawls or blue long shirts, and headscarves. The traditional costumes of the Miao people in the country are usually worn during festivals and celebrations. The Miao people in Xixiu and Guanling, who speak the Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan dialects, have simpler men's clothing. They usually wear a linen gown, a blue belt about 12 feet long around their waists, and a sky blue or green gauze scarf 12 feet long and 1 foot wide. Women's clothing is diverse, and the representative accessories are mainly: 1. The whole set of clothes is divided into two parts: the top and the skirt, which are generally available in five colors (red, yellow, blue, white, and black). The top is a split collar style, with a different pattern of embroidery patterns of different sizes on the collar, shoulder and sleeves, and lace on the cuffs. The back hem is a large rectangular colorful embroidery pattern about one foot long and three to four inches wide. The skirt is as long as the calf, with more than 50 folds and three parallel lace on the bottom. Except for the embroidery and lace, the top and skirt are all made of batik fabrics produced by the Miao people, and part of the fabric of the top is silk. The apron is also made of linen dyed with indigo except for the embroidery. 2. It is also divided into two parts, the top and the skirt, and the colors are roughly the same as above. The difference is that the top has a slanted split collar, and the collar, shoulder and sleeves are all embroidered with patterns, and the front chest and back hem are all rectangular large-scale colored embroidery patterns. The skirt is significantly improved compared to the ancient costume. There are pleats on the left and right sides, each with 18 pleats, which is less than the ancient costume, but the new skirt has two parallel colored embroidery of 12 feet long and different widths in the middle, and the bottom is decorated with high-quality silk. It is matched with the apron with three vertical embroidered patterns in the shape of a Sichuan character on the chest and the skirt foot. In addition, the fabrics of the dress and the apron are all made of various colors of silk and satin, making the new Miao costumes more magnificent, elegant and beautiful. 3. Women wear a half-moon-shaped mahogany comb on their heads, with a silver chain around them, and a silver hairpin in the back of their heads. The costume is that the two lapels of the top are crossed and matched, and the lower body is a long skirt. 4. Women wear a bun with a small half-moon-shaped wooden comb inserted diagonally. The inner garment is blue and white, and the outer garment is a long-sleeved short coat with sleeves made of various floral fabrics. The hem of the skirt is blue and blue, and the waist is covered with a batik waist. 5. Women wear a bun with a bamboo stick inserted diagonally in the hair knot. The inner garment is blue, with a short diagonal opening, and the outer garment is a short white linen jacket. The waist is tied with a hemp belt, one end is heavier than the lower abdomen, and the skirt is long to the heels, the blue and blue colors are the same. The waist is covered with a hemp waist, and the lower end of the waist has a tassel. 6. Women wear a bun with a blue batik bordered cloth, folded into a pointed top. The clothing is indigo, mixed with various floral fabrics, the collar has two white laces, and the cuffs are connected with five-color floral fabrics. 7. Women wear a bun, a blue cloth belt around the waist, a pleated skirt with several laces on the skirt hem, and a blue cloth belt wrapped around the calf. 8. Women wear a bun, a blue cloth flower hat, and a blue dress with red and green flowered cloth decorations. They wear a collarless and buttonless short jacket, a blue flowered waistcoat around the waist, a pleated skirt with two white laces on the skirt hem, the skirt is only knee-length, and the trousers are decorated with red lace. They wear cloth shoes or rubber shoes. 9. Women wear a bun, with batik cloth as an arch bridge-shaped exterior decoration, and a silver hairpin on the forehead. They wear a short jacket with a slanted opening on the upper body, and the dress is made of various colored flowered cloths. They wear a blue batik pleated skirt that covers the heels, a flower belt around the waist, and a blue or blue waistcoat. 10. Women wear a pot-ring-shaped headscarf with several strips of flowered cloth lace on the cuffs. They wear a pleated skirt with various patterns and designs on the lower body, and lace on the skirt hem. They wear a flower belt around the waist and leggings. The three embroidered patterns of different sizes and patterns on the collar, shoulder and sleeves of the Anshun Miao clothing jacket represent the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Yuan River in the Miao region. The different geometric patterns inside represent the crisscrossing fields in the three major river basins. The spiral patterns and dot patterns of batik patterns on the skirts in ancient costumes represent the wealth (copper coins and rice) that were once owned, and the large pattern in the center of the skirt symbolizes the Miao compatriots who are connected in heart and hand. The large rectangular colorful embroidered patterns on the front and back of the jacket represent the sun, stars and flowers. The three vertical embroidered patterns on the waist in the shape of a Sichuan character represent the three major dialects of the Miao language. Whether in ancient or new costumes, no matter how bright the colors are, the five colors of red, yellow, blue, white and black have basically not changed. Especially the red and black colors, which also carry the two rivers that record the Miao people's arrival in Guizhou. They are called "nai'lai" and "nai'mia" in Miao language, and "Beipanjiang" and "Wujiang" in Chinese. The costumes of the Miao people in Anshun have been handed down to this day. With their special way and symbols, they carry and record the migration history of the Miao people for thousands of years, and continue the ancient and brilliant traditional culture of the Chinese nation. The particularity of its historical record has a high value for the academic research of the changes in historical costume culture and ethnic folk culture. At the same time, the exquisite production, sophisticated craftsmanship and precise skills of the Miao costumes in Anshun are all top-grade art. Its unique charm, solemn, elegant and luxurious effect on the upper body make everyone who sees it admire it. In recent years, the rapid advancement of the process of urban and rural integration and the increasingly accelerated pace of reform and opening up have led to a large number of young Miao women who are not satisfied with the current situation of poverty and backwardness and go out to work and do business, and even go to the city to pick up rags to "pan for gold". Young girls no longer study the skills of clothing making. Miao dresses are all handmade, and the weaving, dyeing, cutting, embroidery, sewing and other processes are particularly particular, with complicated processes and precise skills. A Miao girl, from learning spinning and weaving to getting married, needs several years of hard work to embroider her wedding dress. In recent years, with the development of society, influenced by the market economy and foreign cultures, many traditional clothing crafts and customs have gradually disappeared, and some are even on the verge of extinction. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)