Heritage with Related Tags
Monument to the People's Heroes
The Monument to the People's Heroes was built to commemorate the people's heroes who died in the People's Liberation War and the People's Revolution. It is the first monumental building in the Tiananmen Square complex to be located on the central axis of Beijing. The foundation stone was laid in 1949 and the construction was completed between 1952 and 1958. The Monument to the People's Heroes adopts the traditional Chinese stele form. The body of the monument faces south and north, facing Tiananmen Square, and is made of granite and white marble. The lower level of the monument is inlaid with eight huge white marble reliefs on all four sides of the waist part of the Xumi pedestal. The 172 carefully designed figures reflect the revolutionary history of the Chinese people's anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism from the Opium War to the War of Liberation. From pattern design to carving technology, it represents the highest level of Chinese sculpture in the mid-20th century. The most eye-catching part of the front of the monument is inlaid with giant granite, on which are engraved eight large gold-plated characters written by Mao Zedong: "The people's heroes will live forever." The back of the monument is engraved with a gold-plated inscription drafted by Chairman Mao Zedong and inscribed by Premier Zhou Enlai. The top of the stele adopts the classical architectural style of a small hipped roof with cirrus clouds above and heavy curtains below, and its shape is solemn and dignified.
Great Hall of the People
The Great Hall of the People is the meeting place of the National People's Congress of China and the office place of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. It was completed in 1959 and is an important place for the Party, the State and various people's organizations of the People's Republic of China to hold political activities. The Great Hall of the People is located on the west side of Tiananmen Square and has a symmetrical shape. The facade adopts a classical vertical three-section design, and the base, colonnade and eaves are decorated with traditional Chinese architectural patterns. On the base are 12 red marble column bases and light gray marble column columns. According to the traditional Chinese architectural design method, the distance between the columns in the middle is slightly wider, and the distance between the columns on both sides decreases successively. The entrances around are composed of 134 colonnades with a diameter of 2 meters. There are 5 meters high and 83 meters wide granite steps in front of the main entrance. The Great Hall of the People is a rectangle that is long from north to south, which sets off the broad and far-reaching effect of the central axis of Beijing.
National Museum of China
The National Museum of China is the world's largest museum with a single building area. It was completed in 1959 and expanded in 2007. It is the highest institution on behalf of the country to collect, study, display and interpret representative material evidence that can fully reflect China's excellent traditional culture, revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture. It is the country's highest historical, cultural and artistic palace and cultural living room. The National Museum of China is located on the east side of Tiananmen Square, and forms an east-west symmetrical layout with the Great Hall of the People on the central axis of Beijing. The old museum was designed with an inner courtyard layout based on the "目" shape, and an empty corridor was arranged at the west entrance, forming a "one virtual and one real" volume contrast with the Great Hall of the People to ensure the symmetry of the facade scale, form and technique.
Chairman Mao Memorial Hall
Chairman Mao Memorial Hall is a memorial hall for the first generation of Chinese revolutionary leaders with Chairman Mao Zedong as the core. It was completed in 1977. There are many halls and rooms in the building for the public to hold commemorative activities and remember the leader's thoughts, spirit and great achievements. Chairman Mao Memorial Hall is located at the southern end of Tiananmen Square and is square in plan. The main building of the memorial hall consists of three parts: the base, the colonnade and the roof. The base part is a double-layer red granite base inlaid with white marble railings. 44 square granite columns surround the outer corridor. The distance between the columns decreases in sequence according to the ancient Chinese architectural techniques of Ming, Ci and Shao, with a unique national style. The roof is a double-eaved roof decorated with brown-yellow glazed panels, with sunflower reliefs inlaid between the eaves. The overall color tone of the building is elegant. The main entrance faces north, facing the Monument to the People's Heroes. The architectural decoration of the memorial hall adopts a large number of traditional Chinese decorative patterns, which echoes the overall environment and atmosphere of Tiananmen Square.
Outer Jinshui Bridge
The location of the Waijinshui Bridge is in strict correspondence with the five arch gates of the Tiananmen Tower and the south gate of the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the Altar of Land and Grain. The layout of the bridge, the width of the bridge deck, the form of the capital and the decorative details all reflect the principle of "selecting the middle". As the leading area to the imperial city of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Waijinshui Bridge was the only way from the imperial city to the southern suburbs for sacrifice in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is also the ceremonial space for major national celebrations today, and it has always assumed an important ceremonial function. The Waijinshui Bridge is located on the Waijinshui River on the south side of Tiananmen. The bridge body is located opposite to the arch gate of the tower, and the distance between the bridges is basically the same. They are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of Beijing. The Waijinshui Bridge is shaped like a jade belt, and it is combined with the Tiananmen Tower to form a symbolic ceremonial space and form. The five bridges of the Waijinshui Bridge are basically the same in shape. They are all three-arch arch-style white marble bridges. The plane is in the shape of a "工" character with a narrow middle and wide ends. The shape is unique, but the scale and decorative details are different. The architectural level decreases from the middle to the sides. The Outer Golden Water Bridge corresponds to the Inner Golden Water Bridge in front of the Taihe Gate of the Forbidden City. It has played an important ceremonial function since the Ming Dynasty. The bridge in the middle is called the Imperial Road Bridge, which was used exclusively by the emperor during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The left and right sides of the Imperial Road Bridge are the Prince Bridges, which are used by the princes of the imperial clan. The two ends are the Grade Bridges, which are used by civil and military officials above the third grade. The bridges corresponding to the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the Altar of Land and Grain are called the Gongsheng Bridges. Today, the Outer Golden Water Bridge is still the main passage connecting the Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square. The Outer Golden Water Bridge was first built in the 15th year of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty (1417). There were only three bridges at first. After the reconstruction in the first year of the Chenghua reign of the Ming Dynasty (1465), the number increased to seven. The existing bridge was rebuilt in the 29th year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1690).