Xinchang Shifan
Shifan is a traditional music that is popular in Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province. It was originally a palace music and has been passed down for nearly 200 years. Xinchang Shifan is also known as "Shengwan Shifan". The word "Shengwan" comes from the saying in "The Analects of Confucius" that "Zi went to Wucheng and heard the sound of string music, and the Master smiled." It aims to educate Shifan disciples to "learn from saints and enjoy happiness." Huangtan is an ancient village in the eastern mountainous area of Xinchang County. There is a Zhenjun Temple on Wozhou Mountain nearby. The incense is endless and the temple fair is prosperous. There is a big meeting every five years and a small meeting every four years. Huangtan Shifan was born in such an era. During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, Yiming Gong, the 66th ancestor of the descendants of Huangtan Shi, and Yixiangsheng (1808-1872), met a fallen singer when he was doing business in Suzhou and Hangzhou. The singer was good at playing the zither and was good at music. So the master asked the singing girl to be his teacher and decided to form a ten-part performance team. She led a group of bad clansmen who had been addicted to opium to guide them to the right path. Shengwan ten-part is composed of eight Tang Dynasty Jiaofang tunes, and also includes some folk tunes, such as "Sanliu", "Tanhuang", "Jiulianhuan", "Shuangkanxiang", "Ten Cups of Wine" and other tunes, and can also sing Sutan self-entertainment. When participating in the temple fair every five years, the nine classes in the county each show their magical powers, and they will always compete with each other. Huangtan ten-part is often highly regarded. When entering the mountain gate of Zhenjun Temple, the school meeting class is the leader, holding white rattan sticks to beat the street guys and clear the crowd. The ten-part class is divided into two teams and enters from the left and right doors in order. The order of arrangement is the left team: fighting drum, cymbals, fish board, transverse flute, dongxiao, four-stringed hu, bowl hu, silver zither, pipa. Right team: Peng drum, Jiaoluo, Shuangxing, Hengdi, Dongxiao, Erhu, Shixing, Yangqin, Sanxian. The temple fair was unprecedentedly grand, with more than 100,000 people at its peak. When performing in the festive hall, three eight-immortal tables were put together and the performers sat around the tables. The drummer sat in the middle of the hall and directed the percussion instruments, and the percussion instruments were seated on the left and right. On the left side of the table: Hengdi, Dongxiao, Sihu, Wanhu, Yinzheng, Pipa. On the right side: Hengdi, Dongxiao, Erhu, Shixing, Yangqin, Sanxian. If additional instruments are added, they can be inserted next to similar instruments and played in conjunction. When performing on stage: Dougu in the front row directs in the middle, and the remaining percussion instruments direct the back row next to the left and right. The right side of the stage is stringed instruments, the left side is plucked instruments, and the back row is mainly wind instruments. Pay attention to the beautiful shape of the stage and the reasonable and orderly distribution of the range. Huangtan, the birthplace of Shengwan Shifan, belongs to the Changzhao Reservoir resettlement area. In 1978, the reservoir resettled people, and the Shifan members were scattered in four villages. The old team members passed away one after another, and Shifan faced the crisis of extinction. Shi Julin, the 70th grandson of the Shi family who immigrated to Meizhu Town, resolutely took on the important task of rescuing the cultural heritage passed down by his ancestors. In 2007, he paid for the purchase of musical instruments out of his own pocket, hired eight old artists who were still alive, and mobilized the artists' descendants to pass on their skills. On January 10, 2007, Shengwan Shifan Ancient Music Square was rebuilt. In 2009, it was successively selected into the county-level and municipal-level intangible cultural heritage lists. Today, the Shifan team continues to grow, and regularly participates in various performances at all levels, with good responses. In 2013, he was interviewed by the "Record Shaoxing" column group of Shaoxing TV. On April 16, 2014, he was interviewed by the Ministry of Culture, the National Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and China National People's Broadcasting Station as a special tribute to the 65th anniversary of the National Day, which lasted for half an hour. "Shifan" was included in the first batch of Shaoxing City's intangible cultural heritage list in July 2006, and in the fifth batch of Zhejiang Province's intangible cultural heritage list in December 2016.