Xishan National Forest Park is located in Xiaoxishan, the western suburbs of Beijing, spanning the three districts of Haidian, Shijingshan and Mentougou. It is based on the Beijing Xishan Experimental Forest Farm, with a total area of 5,970 hectares. It is an important part of the Beijing Suburban Scenic Area and the closest national forest park to Beijing. Xishan National Forest Park belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate type, and the zonal vegetation is temperate summer green broad-leaved forest. There are more than 250 species of plants belonging to 73 families. The park has a vast forest area and many kinds of wild animals, including more than 10 species of mammals, more than 50 species of birds, and several amphibians and reptiles. Xishan National Forest Park belongs to the remnant of Taihang Mountain, a rocky mountain area, a low mountain area, with steep shady slopes and gentle sunny slopes. There are many historical relics in Xiaoxishan (Xishan National Forest Park). In the Ming Dynasty, the gentle foothills of the front face of Xiaoxi Mountain were mostly used for the construction of imperial palace cemeteries. The famous ones include the tomb of Emperor Jingtai of the Ming Dynasty (Zhu Qiyu) and the tombs of the seven concubines of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, namely the East Four Tombs. In the Qing Dynasty, the area around Xiaoxi Mountain was once known as the "Eight Courtyards of Xishan" and "Three Mountains and Five Gardens", and this place was the garrison of the Eight Banners Army. There are still villages such as the Zhenghuang Banner and Zhenglan Banner, as well as ruins such as watchtowers. At the same time, the ancient sites in the Xiaoxi Mountain area are widely distributed, forming a unique cultural landscape. In addition to Xiangshan, Reclining Buddha Temple, and Badachu, there are also historical sites such as Fuhui Temple, Fahai Temple, Ksitigarbha Hall, Yaoyue Cave, Jingfu Temple, and Wuliang Hall. In addition, there are tombs of celebrities such as Mei Lanfang, Ma Lianliang, Yan Shaopeng, Liu Bannong, Liu Tianhua, Tong Linge, and the Heishanhu Battle Monument.
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Philosophy related to the heritage
From the perspective of Eastern philosophy, Beijing Xishan National Forest Park is an excellent place to embody the concept of "harmony between man and nature". In Taoist philosophy, nature is regarded as the purest and most primitive force in the universe, and the harmonious coexistence of man and nature is regarded as the highest state. The mountains, trees, and streams of Xishan all show the wonders of nature, allowing people to feel a close connection with nature while enjoying the beautiful scenery. Here, people can slow down, listen to the sounds of nature, experience inner peace and tranquility, and achieve harmony between body and mind. This experience is exactly the state of "Tao follows nature" and "rule by inaction" pursued in Eastern philosophy. From the perspective of Western philosophy, Beijing Xishan National Forest Park is a place that embodies the concept of "existence is reasonable". In Western philosophy, especially Hegel's dialectics, everything that exists has its rationality and necessity. Every tree, every stone, and every stream in Xishan is the result of natural evolution, and has its meaning and value of existence. This respect and understanding of nature allows people to think about the relationship between humans and nature and the position of humans in the universe while appreciating the natural beauty. The natural landscape of Xishan is not only a kind of aesthetic enjoyment, but also a kind of philosophical thinking. While appreciating the beautiful scenery, people can also think about the meaning and value of life. Whether from the perspective of Eastern philosophy or Western philosophy, Beijing Xishan National Forest Park is a scenic spot full of philosophical thinking, which allows people to experience the depth and breadth of philosophy while appreciating the natural beauty.