Shangyu Blowing and Beating

Zhejiang
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Shangyu has a long history and flourishing culture. The folk wind and percussion instruments rooted in this ancient land have a long history and rich accumulation. The Spring and Autumn Period pottery flat bell, the Han and Six Dynasties Xun, the piled music figurines on the grain bottle, and the piled music figurines on the celadon granary unearthed from Shangyu all bear witness to the long history of Shangyu folk wind and percussion instruments. As early as the Han Dynasty, dragon boat races were held on the Cao'e River, and drums and music were used to coordinate the rhythm and boost morale. Cao Xu, the father of Cao'e, was able to "play the music and sing, and dance to the gods (Cao'e Stele)". In the long historical process, Shangyu folk wind and percussion instruments have been continuously enriched and developed. It was more popular in the Southern Song Dynasty. It became increasingly prosperous in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and reached its peak. This was the mature period of Shangyu folk wind and percussion instruments. Shangyu folk wind and percussion instruments have various forms and characteristics. Its organizational form is called "Shibanban". The Shangyu County Chronicles states: "The drummers in the welcoming god competition are 'Shiban'". "Shiban" means "flipping with ten fingers". The number of people playing in "Shibanban" can be more or less, ranging from six or seven to fifteen or sixteen. The instruments played are mainly suona, Zhaojun, gongs, drums and other percussion instruments. Gongs, drums and other percussion instruments are also combined with stringed instruments to form "fine blowing and fine knocking" and other performance forms. The tune played is called Daqiao, or Shiban gongs and drums, commonly known as blowing and knocking. There are many forms such as dragon boat big knocking shed, back knocking shed (small knocking shed), fine blowing and fine knocking, wedding, funeral, birthday and celebration blowing and knocking, gongs and drums music, Taoist blowing and knocking. Daqiao is simple and majestic, rough and unrestrained, warm and thick, and the costumes are exquisite and unique; fine blowing and fine knocking is simple and fresh, delicate and lyrical, quiet and elegant; wedding, funeral, birthday and celebration blowing and knocking is short and lively, exquisite and clear, joyful and steady; gongs and drums music has rich rhythms, rich timbre, unrestrained and passionate; Taoist blowing and knocking is simple and elegant, grand and solemn, pure and profound. Ten-part gongs and drums are mostly played in welcoming god competitions, sitting singing in the dining hall, weddings, funerals, birthday celebrations and other occasions. According to the different geographical distribution, performance occasions, performance forms, band combinations, costumes and props, they have different contents, forms and performance techniques. The main representative repertoires of Shangyu blowing and beating are: "Hua Erchang", "Wenwu Yuanmen", "Gata Zhi", "Daqiao", "Bubugao", "Searching for the sedan chair", "Blowing on the horse", "Bai Di", "Huazhu Blowing", "Xinglu Diao", "Taiji Sacrifice", "Yangzhou", "Diaolong", "Sanqiao", "Dip Fish", "Dry Beat", "Wuchang", "Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter" and so on. 24 excellent repertoires of Shangyu folk blowing and beating have been compiled into the folk instrument collection. After the founding of New China, Shangyu folk blowing and beating has continued to develop and become an important part of the cultural life of the masses. In order to protect Shangyu folk blowing and beating, continuous protection work has been carried out in three stages for more than 20 years since the 1980s. In 1998, Shangyu City was named "Zhejiang Folk Art Hometown (Winding and Percussion Music)", and in 1999 it was named "China Folk Art Hometown (Winding and Percussion Music)". At the beginning of the new century, "Shangyu Folk Winding and Percussion Music" was included in the Zhejiang Folk Art Protection Project. In June 2007, it was included in the second batch of Zhejiang Province's Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Information source: Shaoxing City Cultural Center Information source: Shaoxing City Cultural Center

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