Shandong Qinshu is also known as "singing yangqin" or "playing yangqin". It originated in the Ming Dynasty and developed in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. It is distributed in Honghua Town, Yangji Town and Huayuan Township in Tancheng County, and the performance areas are distributed in southern Shandong, northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui and other places. During the Tongzhi period, Qinshu artist Li Yicheng made a living by singing folk songs. He performed in the border areas of Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong and Anhui. He was quite famous and recruited many disciples and founded the Chaimen School. In the late Guangxu period, the brothers Lu Chengjin and Lu Chengyin broke away from the Chaimen School because of their disagreements with their master Li Yicheng and founded their own Lumen School. Since then, Qinshu has been divided into two major schools, the Chaimen School and the Lumen School. Li Diankui from Yangji Town, Tancheng County, learned to sing Qinshu from Wu Jianping, the successor of Lumen School. His fellow villager Sun Chengcai loved Qinshu since he was a child, so his parents asked Li Diankui to teach him to sing Qinshu, hoping that he could have a skill to make a living. Because of the relationship of seniority, Li Diankui "recruited disciples on behalf of the master" and asked Sun Chengcai to call him senior brother and personally teach Qinshu. Three years later, Sun Chengcai successfully "graduated". In 1957, Sun Chengcai participated in the Xuzhou Festival and won the second prize. He was transferred to Xuzhou Art School to teach. He trained a large number of Qinshu artists and laid the foundation for the development of Qinshu. . The singing forms of Shandong Qinshu include solo singing, duet singing, three-person sitting singing and multi-person singing. The singer sits in the middle and hits the board and the accompaniment is on the left and right, with the pendant qin, three-string, soft bow huqin, four-hu, pipa, etc. The performance is for many people to hold different instruments and accompany themselves. They sit in circles and perform in groups. The singing is the main form, with occasional narration or dialogue. The current performance form is mainly duet singing, and the accompaniment instruments are yangqin, pendant qin, and cloud board (also known as cross board). The singers are mostly men and women, who can sing in turns or in chorus, commonly known as "mandarin duck stalls"; the single rap form is simple, and the accompaniment instruments are pendant qin and foot-pedal bangzi. The singing style of Shandong Qinshu is based on Fengyang tune, which has developed into a fixed "four-sentence tune", and later absorbed tunes such as Huaijiang tune, Yinniusi, Shanghe tune, Lianhualuo, Hankuduo, Dieduanqiao, and Yinluosi. Shandong Qinshu has a significant impact on the development of Lu Opera. It is the direct mother of Shandong Lu Opera. It has outstanding historical and cultural value and has a unique Shandong charm. The local accent highlights its style characteristics. It vividly reflects the characteristic culture of Shandong region. It is a cultural form for grassroots people to entertain themselves. It has strong popularity and entertainment. It is the cornerstone of Shandong's characteristic culture. It enriches the spiritual world of ordinary people and enriches the cultural life of the general public. In 2020, Shandong Qinshu was included in the sixth batch of representative projects of Linyi City's intangible cultural heritage. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)