The story of the Orphan of Zhao took place in Sanjiazhuang, Yuecun Township, Wen County. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wen County belonged to the State of Jin and was the fief of the Zhao family. The tombs of several generations of the Zhao family are all near Sanjiazhuang. The tomb of Zhao Shuai is not far from the east of Sanjiazhuang Village. "Zuo Zhuan Zhaogong Year One" records that Zhao Meng offered sacrifices to his great-grandfather on the first day of December in 541 BC; Zhao Dun's tomb is in the southwest of Sanjiazhuang Village. In front of the tomb is a stone tablet erected by the county magistrate of Yichou Mengchun of Jin Zhangzong. The broken tablet still exists, and the inscriptions and poems of successive dynasties are scattered in the chronicles of Wen County; Zhao Meng unfortunately died in Wen on the seventh day of the same month when offering sacrifices to his great-grandfather, and was also buried not far from Zhao Dun's tomb, known as the "Orphan's Tomb", and the broken tablet still exists. Sanjiazhuang, where Cheng Ying raised the Orphan of Zhao, has become a memorial site for raising orphans. Unfortunately, due to poor protection, only this broken tablet remains, and the handwriting on the tablet is difficult to recognize. The Sanjiazhuang Huaibang Opera Troupe has been compiling and performing the play "The Orphan of Zhao". Since 1947, the script has been transplanted and reorganized many times, and the actors have gone through four generations, but it is often performed and updated. The legendary story of the Orphan of Zhao has been passed down from generation to generation and has been passed down for a long time. The script of Qinqiang "The Orphan of Zhao", the script of Peking Opera "The Orphan of Zhao", and the script of Henan Opera "The Orphan of Zhao" all indicate that the orphan of Zhao was raised in Sanjiazhuang, Wen County. The Legend of the Orphan of Zhao In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhao Dun, a minister of Jin, assisted Duke Xiang of Jin to make the country more and more prosperous. After Duke Xiang died, his son Duke Ling of Jin succeeded to the throne, was licentious and cruel to his subjects. Zhao Dun repeatedly advised and remonstrated, but Duke Ling not only did not listen, but also held a grudge in his heart, so Zhao Dun had to flee. Later, his brother Zhao Chuan launched a coup, killed Duke Ling, and supported Duke Xiang's younger brother to ascend the throne as Duke Cheng of Jin. At this time, Zhao Dun was invited back to preside over the government. His son Zhao Shuo married Duke Cheng's sister as his wife. After Duke Cheng died, his son Duke Jing succeeded to the throne. The doctor Tu'an Jia was originally a minister of the Duke of Jin. He had always helped the tyrant Zhou to do evil and hated the Zhao family. He said to the Duke Jing: "The culprit for the death of the Duke Ling was Zhao Dun. As a minister killing the king, the whole family should be exterminated." At this time, Zhao Dun was dead, and the Duke Jing killed all the members of Zhao Shuo's family. Zhao Shuo's wife was spared because she was a princess. She returned to the palace and gave birth to a posthumous child. After hearing about it, Tu'an Jia went to the palace to search for the orphan. The princess hid the baby in her pants, and Tu'an Jia did not find it. In this time of crisis, two retainers of the Zhao family, Gongsun Chujiu and Cheng Ying, were determined to rescue the orphan of the Zhao family. So the two of them made a plan, bought someone else's baby, and Gongsun Chujiu took it and hid it. Then Cheng Ying went to Tu'an Jia to "tell" that the orphan of the Zhao family was with Gongsun Chujiu. Tu'an Jia led his troops to capture Gongsun Chujiu and the baby, and executed them immediately. At this time, Cheng Ying secretly ran to the palace, took out the baby of Zhao family, and fled to a remote mountain forest to hide. The orphan grew up and was named Zhao Wu. Fifteen years later, King Jing fell seriously ill and asked a fortune teller to tell the fortune. The fortune teller said that the reason for the illness was the wrong killing of meritorious officials. Minister Han Jue had always had a close relationship with the Zhao family. At this time, he took the opportunity to say to King Jing: "The Zhao family has made contributions for generations, but they were wrongly killed and exterminated. The people are all indignant about it. We should restore their reputation and give them important positions." So King Jing listened to Han Jue's words and sent people to bring Zhao Wu and Cheng Ying into the palace, allowing Zhao Wu to inherit the original salary and fiefdom of the Zhao family. Zhao Wu also killed Tu Anjia on the order of King Jing. Later, Zhao Wu's great-grandson Zhao Xiangzi and the Han and Wei families divided Jin and established the State of Zhao. The legend of the Orphan of Zhao is a wonderful flower in the ancient literary garden of the Chinese nation. Through the plots of saving orphans, searching for orphans and caring for orphans, it shows people the national spirit of sacrificing oneself to save others and eliminating evil and promoting good. The plot is full of ups and downs, and it is gripping, fully reflecting the spiritual connotation of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. The legend of the Orphan of Zhao is a representative work that promotes the essence of the ancient culture of the Chinese nation. Excavating and sorting out this legend is of great significance for inheriting the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, enhancing social cohesion, and building a harmonious society. The legend of "The Orphan of Zhao" and 1 Regarding the legend of "The Orphan of Zhao", many people know it. Its source is the description in Sima Qian's "Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhao". The general idea is that during the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin official Tu Anjia led his troops to kill the entire Zhao family, "killing Zhao Shuo, Zhao Tong, Zhao Kuo, and Zhao Yingqi, and all exterminating their clans". Zhao Shuo's wife ("Jin Chenggong's sister") was pregnant and hid in the palace to give birth to Zhao Wu. Cheng Ying, a retainer of the Zhao family, heard the news and broke into the palace to rescue the orphan of Zhao. In order to preserve the lineage of the Zhao family, Cheng Ying resolutely discussed a bitter plan with Gongsun Chujiu. One replaced Zhao Gu with his own son, and the other sacrificed his life to pretend to be guilty of "hiding the orphan", and Cheng Ying made a report. Tu'an Jia really believed it and killed Chujiu and the fake orphan. Cheng Ying was trusted by this. He hid in the mountains with the orphan of the Zhao family. Sixteen years later, Jin Jinggong learned from Han Jue that the Zhao family still had descendants, so Zhao Wu came out. Jinggong "returned with Cheng Ying and Zhao Wu to attack Tu'an Jia and wiped out his clan. He restored the land and towns to Zhao Wu as before." However, looking at the "Shiji Jin Shijia" and another historical book "Chunqiu Zuo Zhuan", the records of this incident are far less tortuous and moving than the above. Could it be that 1 is so different from the legend? According to the "Shiji Zhao Shijia" on which the legend is based, the year when Zhao Shuo fought against Jin Chu Bi, that is, the third year of Jin Jinggong, "Jin Chenggong's sister became his wife", and he was killed by Tu'an Jia in the same year. It was not until 15 years later ("lived for fifteen years") that his son, Zhao Wu, regained the trust of the monarch Jinggong and revived the Zhao family. However, in the "Records of the Grand Historian: A History of the Jin Dynasty", there is only one sentence describing this incident: "In the seventeenth year, Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo were executed, and their entire family was exterminated. Han Jue said: 'How can the merits of Zhao Shuai and Zhao Dun be forgotten? Why should their sacrifices be cut off!' So Zhao Shu's son Wu was made the heir of Zhao, and his city was restored." It is worth noting that this "seventeenth year" (of Duke Jing) is exactly 15 years after the extermination of the Zhao family (the third year of Duke Jing of Jin) as stated in the "Records of the Grand Historian: A History of the Zhao Family". The two descriptions of the same event are completely different in time. Moreover, in the "Records of the Grand Historian: A History of the Jin Dynasty", there is also: "In the winter of the twelfth year, Jin began to form six armies, and Han Jue, Gong Shuo, Zhao Chuan, Xun Zhui, Zhao Kuo, and Zhao Zhan were all ministers." If the Zhao family was exterminated in the third year of Duke Jing of Jin, how should the ministers of Zhao Kuo and others be explained? Let's look at the description in "Zuo Zhuan". The Zuo Zhuan uses the chronology of the kings of Lu. The reign of Duke Jing of Jin was from 599 BC to 581 BC, which is equivalent to the 10th and 18th years of Duke Xuan of Lu, and the 10th year of Duke Cheng of Lu. Please take a look at the description of Jin in the Zuo Zhuan in the third year of Duke Jing of Jin (the 12th year of Duke Xuan of Lu) and later. In the summer of the 12th year of Duke Xuan, the army of Jin came to rescue Zheng. Xun Linfu led the central army, and Xian Gu assisted him. Shi Hui led the upper army, and Xi Ke assisted him. Zhao Shuo led the lower army, and Luan Shu assisted him. Zhao Kuo and Zhao Yingqi were the officials of the central army.