Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex
The site is located along the Volga River, just south of its confluence with the Kama River, south of Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan. It contains the remains of the medieval city of Bulgar, an early settlement of the Volga-Bulgar civilization, which existed between the 7th and 15th centuries AD and was the first capital of the Golden Horde in the 13th century. Bulgar represents centuries of historical and cultural exchange and transformation in Eurasia, playing a key role in the formation of civilizations, customs and cultural traditions. The site provides remarkable evidence of historical continuity and cultural diversity. It is a symbolic reminder of the Volga-Bulgar people's acceptance of Islam in 922 AD and remains a holy place of pilgrimage for Tatar Muslims.