Heritage with Related Tags
Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings
Located on the ancient trade route between Central Asia and Northern Europe, Novgorod was the first capital of Russia in the 9th century. Surrounded by churches and monasteries, Novgorod was a center of Orthodox spirituality and Russian architecture. Its medieval monuments and 14th-century frescoes by the Greek Theophanes (Andrei Rublev's teacher) demonstrate the development of its remarkable architectural and cultural creativity.
Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town
During the Mamluk period from 1250 to 1517, the use of local limestone influenced the construction of the old city of Hebron/Al-Khalil. The centerpiece of the town's attractions is the Ibrahim Mosque/Tomb of the Patriarchs, whose buildings are located within a courtyard built in the 1st century AD to protect the tombs of Patriarch Abraham/Ibrahim and his family. The site became a place of pilgrimage for the three major monotheistic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The town was located at the crossroads of trade routes that caravans traveled between southern Palestine, Sinai, eastern Jordan, and northern Arabia. Although the subsequent Ottoman period (1517-1917) marked the expansion of the town into the surrounding areas and brought a large number of architectural additions, especially raising the roof heights of houses to create more superstructures, the overall Mamluk form of the town still retained its regional hierarchy, neighborhoods based on ethnic, religious or occupational groups, and houses with room groups arranged according to a tree-like system.
Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
The Camino Real de Tierra Adentro is the Royal Inland Route, also known as the Silver Route. The inscribed properties include 55 sites and 5 existing World Heritage sites located on a 1,400-kilometer section of the 2,600-kilometer route, which stretches from Mexico City northwards to the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. The route was actively used as a trade route for 300 years, from the mid-16th century to the 19th century, mainly for the transportation of silver from the mines of Zacatecas, Guanajuato and San Luis Potosí, as well as mercury imported from Europe. Although the route was driven and consolidated by the mining industry, it also facilitated the establishment of social, cultural and religious links, especially between Spanish and Amerindian cultures.
City of Safranbolu
From the 13th century until the advent of railways in the early 20th century, Safranbolu was an important caravan station on the main trade route between the East and the West. The Old Mosque, Old Baths and Suleyman Pasha Academy were built in 1322. During its heyday in the 17th century, Safranbolu's architecture influenced urban development across much of the Ottoman Empire.
Ancient City of Aleppo
Located at the intersection of multiple trade routes since the 2nd millennium BC, Aleppo has been ruled by the Hittites, Assyrians, Arabs, Mongols, Mamluks and Ottomans. The 13th-century citadel, 12th-century Great Mosque and various 17th-century madrasas, palaces, caravanserais and hammams all form part of the city’s cohesive, unique urban fabric, but it is now threatened by overpopulation.
Takalik Abah National Archaeological Park
The archaeological site of Tak'alik Ab'aj is located on Guatemala's Pacific coast. It is a 1,700-year-old site that shows the evolution of the Olmec civilization into the early Maya. Tak'alik Ab'aj played a major role in this process, in part because it controlled a long-distance trade route that connected the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in present-day Mexico to El Salvador. There was a great cross-fertilization of ideas and customs along this route. The site's sanctuaries and buildings were arranged according to cosmological principles, and there were innovative water systems, pottery, and gem art. Today, the site is still considered sacred and used by different indigenous groups for ritual activities.
Quebrada de Humahuaca
The Humahuaca Valley was a major Inca route, following the spectacular valley of the Rio Grande for about 150 km from its source in the cold desert plateau of the high Andes to its confluence with the León River in the south. The valley has abundant evidence that it was a major trade route for the last 10,000 years. It bears clear traces of prehistoric hunter-gatherer communities, the Inca Empire (15th-16th centuries) and the struggle for independence in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Old City of Zamość
Zamość was founded in the 16th century by the chancellor Jan Zamoyski on a trade route linking western and northern Europe with the Black Sea. Modelled on Italian theories of the "ideal city" and built by Padua-based architect Bernando Morando, Zamość is a perfect example of a late 16th century Renaissance town. It retains its original layout and fortifications, as well as a large number of buildings that blend Italian and central European architectural traditions.
Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine and its Cultural Landscape
Located in the southwest of Honshu, Iwami Ginzan is a mountain surrounded by mountains rising to 600 meters above sea level and interspersed with deep river valleys, the mountains contain large mines, smelting and refining sites, and archaeological remains of mining settlements from the 16th to 17th centuries. and 20th centuries. The site also shows the routes used to transport silver ore to the coast, and from there to port towns in Korea and China. These mines contributed greatly to the overall economic development of Japan and Southeast Asia in the 16th and 17th centuries, when large-scale production of silver and gold began in Japan. The mining area is now densely forested. The site contains a fortress, a shrine, parts of the street transport route to the coast, and three port towns, Tomoura, Okidomari, and Yunotsu, from where the ore was shipped.
Cultural Landscape of the Faou Archaeological Area
Located at a strategic point on ancient trade routes in the Arabian Peninsula, the ancient city of al-Faw was abandoned around the 5th century AD. Nearly 12,000 archaeological remains have been discovered, ranging from prehistoric times to the late pre-Islamic period, and bear witness to the successive settlements of three ethnic groups and their adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Archaeological remains include early human tools from the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods, conical structures, stone piles and circular buildings, the sacred mountain of Khashm Qaryah, rock carvings, earth and stone mounds in the valley, fortresses/caravanserai, oases and ancient water systems, and the remains of the ancient city of al-Faw.
Røros Mining Town and the Circumference
The mining town of Røros and the surrounding area are associated with copper mining, which began in the 17th century and was worked for 333 years until 1977. The site includes the town and its industrial rural cultural landscape, the smelter Femundshytta and its associated areas, and winter transport routes. Røros was destroyed by Swedish troops in 1679 and has since been completely rebuilt, with around 2,000 one- and two-storey wooden houses and a smelter. Many of the buildings retain their black wooden façades, giving the town a medieval appearance. The site is surrounded by a buffer zone that coincides with the privileged zone (periphery) granted to mining companies by the Danish-Norwegian Crown (1646), demonstrating a lasting culture based on copper mining that was established and flourished in a remote, climatically harsh region.