Intangible culture with Related Tags
Pingju
Pingju was originally called "Bengbeng Opera", "Luozi Opera", also known as "Pingqiang Bangzi Opera", or "Ping Opera" for short. The name "Pingju Opera" was officially used in 1935. It is popular in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Northeast China, and has a broad mass base. Around 1910, Bengbeng Opera artists headed by Cheng Zhaocai absorbed the singing music and performance art of Northeast Errenzhuan, Peking Opera, shadow puppetry, and drums on the basis of the counterpart "Lotus Fall" in Luanzhou, eastern Hebei, and used a full set of Hebei Bangzi musical instruments to accompany the performance, forming the basic style of Pingju Opera. In the process of practice, the emerging Pingju Opera art has been continuously developed and improved, and has become more and more mature. Cheng Zhaocai is the founder of Pingju Opera and the first playwright of Pingju Opera. His representative works such as "Ma Widow Opens a Shop", "Flowers as Matchmakers", and "Yang Sanjie's Complaint" have become classic repertoires of Pingju Opera. Pingju music belongs to the Banqiang style, including "Jianban", "Daban", "Da'anban", "Xiao'anban", "Sanchui", "Daoban", "Duoban", "Liushuiban" and other styles, as well as counter-tune. Accompaniment instruments are divided into three types: stringed, percussion and wind. Stringed instruments include banhu, erhu, sanxian, etc., percussion instruments include ban, bottom drum, hall drum, bottom gong, big gong, etc., and wind instruments include flute, suona, etc. Pingju singing style draws on the music of Peking opera and bangzi, and is divided into male and female styles. China Pingju Theater inherits the traditions of Xilu Pingju and Donglu Pingju, and retains many contents of Beijing's traditional culture in the performance. At the same time, it inherits, develops and forms artistic schools such as Bai (Yushuang), Xin (Fengxia), Wei (Rongyuan), Sun (Defu), Ma (Tai), etc. Tianjin Pingju Theater is also very strong, and has a good inheritance and development of the four major schools of Li (Jinshun), Liu (Cuixia), Bai (Yushuang) and Ai (Lianjun). With the changes of the times, the influence of Pingju Opera is greatly weakening, and measures should be taken to provide it with necessary protection and support.
Jizhong Shengguan Music (Bai Miao Village Concert)
Jizhong Shengguan music is spread in nearly 30 counties and cities south of Beijing, west of Tianjin, and north of Cangzhou and Dingzhou. It is a unique type of wind music in the Jizhong Plain. It is commonly known as "concert" among the people. Because it is mainly played by pipes and ensembled by sheng, it is also called "shengguan music". In addition to wind instruments such as sheng, pipes, and flutes, Jizhong Shengguan music also uses percussion instruments such as cloud gongs, drums, cymbals, cymbals, and clangs. The music of Shengguan music is divided into three categories: suites, ditties, and independent sets of percussion music. Among them, suites are long in length and complex in structure, and are the main component of the entire performance repertoire. Jizhong Shengguan music is spread throughout the Jizhong Plain. Farmers in this area use music as a village unit to gather in local folk activities such as sacrifices and funerals, and pass it down from generation to generation in their own unique way. Baimiao Village Concert is spread in Baimiao Village, Changziying Town, Daxing District, Beijing. It is performed in the form of a small band. It belongs to the Shengguan music passed down by monks. It has a deep connection with Tanzhe Temple in Beijing. According to legend, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, monks from Tanzhe Temple brought the music of the temple to Baimiao, and then they continued to improve it in the process of inheritance, incorporating elements of Taoist music and folk music, so that the Baimiao Village Concert has the characteristics of Beijing Zen music and folk drum music. The instruments used in the Baimiao Village Concert are divided into two categories: one is wind instruments, mainly sheng, pipe, flute, etc.; the other is percussion instruments (all called "fa instruments"), mainly gong, drum, cymbals, etc. Baimiao Village originally had ancient music scores, including more than 100 pieces of music, all of which were notated in the ancient Chinese gongche notation method. During the "Cultural Revolution", all the music scores were burned. Currently, only more than 70 scores of "Jade Hibiscus" and "Green Bamboo Curtain" remain, which were sorted out by old artists based on their memories after 1985. At present, the Baimiao Concert Band consists of 15 people, usually 9 or 11 people perform, with the guanzi leading the way and the small cymbals controlling the speed. The performance is divided into two sessions, the front session starts with a small cymbal, followed by drums, gongs and other percussion instruments, and the back session is played by sheng, pipes, flutes and other instruments. The two sessions are performed alternately and in a cycle until the end of the performance. The Baimiao Concert absorbs the essence of Zen music and folk music. It has both a pure religious color and a strong local flavor. The style is solemn, bold and high-pitched. In the relevant rituals of rural society, the Baimiao Concert has become an important part of local folk customs. At present, the instruments of the Baimiao Village Concert are seriously damaged, the personnel are in short supply, and the skills are on the verge of being lost, which urgently needs to be rescued.
Traditional musical instrument making skills (Jinghu making skills)
National musical instrument making skills (Jinghu making skills), traditional skills. Jinghu, also known as Huqin. It is a traditional Chinese stringed instrument. At the end of the 18th century, with the formation of the traditional Chinese opera Peking Opera, it was modified on the basis of the stringed instrument Huqin. It has a history of more than 200 years and is the main accompaniment instrument of the traditional Chinese opera Peking Opera. In the early days, Jinghu had only one specification. After long-term practice by luthiers and performers, it developed into multiple specifications according to the different tunes of Peking Opera, and created several special Jinghu such as Xipi, Erhuang, Wawadiao and Plectrum. The size of the low-key Jinghu was enlarged to meet the needs of the development of Peking Opera music.
Dong Nationality Song
Dong ethnic group big song is a general term for the Dong ethnic group's unaccompanied and unconducted multi-voice folk songs. It includes voice songs, narrative songs, children's songs, stepping hall songs, and road blocking songs. "Many low and one high" is its traditional voice combination principle, and beauty and harmony are its distinctive artistic characteristics. The singing teacher teaches the song and the singing group sings is its national inheritance method. It carries and conveys a nation's lifestyle, social structure, human ethics, customs, wisdom and other vital cultural information.
Heritage with Related Tags
Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
Modern humans first arrived in Europe during the last Ice Age, 43,000 years ago. One of the areas they settled was the Swabian Jura in southern Germany. Six caves excavated since the 1860s have yielded objects dating back between 43,000 and 33,000 years. These include animal figurines (including cave lions, mammoths, horses and bovines), musical instruments and personal ornaments. Other figurines depict creatures that are half-human, half-animal, and one female statue. These archaeological sites display some of the oldest figurative art in the world, helping to illuminate the origins of human artistic development.
Tianjin Music and Art Street
Tianjin Music and Art Street is centered on Bawei Road, extending to Jintang Road in the east, Liuwei Road in the west, Shiwujing Road in the south, and Shiyijing Road in the north. It forms a music, art and cultural industry market with Bawei Road as the axis and Tianjin Conservatory of Music (both north and south academies) as the core, extending to the surrounding areas. It focuses on the rental and sale of music instruments, audio-visual books, music production, and music and art training, and also brings together related businesses such as image design, costumes and props, lighting and sound, and cultural supplies, and develops literary and artistic performances, ceremonial celebrations, cultural and artistic exchanges, art consultation, and cultural intermediary agencies.