Heritage with Related Tags
City of Cuzco
Located in the Peruvian Andes, Cusco developed under the Inca ruler Pachacuti into a complex urban center with distinct religious and administrative functions. It was surrounded by clearly demarcated areas of agricultural, handicraft, and industrial production. When the Spanish conquered it in the 16 century, they retained the basic structure but built Baroque churches and palaces on the ruins of the Inca city.
L'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre
Founded in the late Middle Ages, Lviv was a prosperous administrative, religious and commercial centre for centuries. The medieval topography of the city remains largely intact (in particular, there is evidence of the different ethnic communities that once lived there), as well as many fine Baroque and later buildings.
León Cathedral
Built between 1747 and the early 19th century, the cathedral was designed by Guatemalan architect Diego José de Porres Esquivel and embodies the transition from Baroque to Neoclassical architecture, and its style can be described as eclectic. The cathedral is characterized by its austere interiors and ample natural light. However, the vaults of the sanctuary are richly decorated. The cathedral houses important artworks, including a wooden Flemish altarpiece and paintings of the 14 Stations of the Way of the Cross by Nicaraguan artist Antonio Sarria (late 19th and early 20th centuries).
Decorated Farmhouses of Hälsingland
The seven timber houses on this site in eastern Sweden represent the culmination of a timber-framed building tradition in the region that dates back to the Middle Ages. They reflect the prosperity of independent farmers in the 19th century, who used their wealth to build spacious new homes with elaborately decorated outbuildings or suites for festivals. The paintings represent a fusion of folk art with styles favoured by the landowning class at the time, including Baroque and Rococo. Decorated by painters, both known and unknown itinerant artists, these listed houses represent the final flowering of a long cultural tradition.
Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments
This "Venice of the North", with its numerous canals and more than 400 bridges, is the result of a large-scale urban construction project initiated by Peter the Great in 1703. The city, later known as Leningrad (formerly the Soviet Union), is closely associated with the October Revolution. Its architectural heritage is a blend of distinct Baroque and pure Neoclassicism, with buildings such as the Admiralty, the Winter Palace, the Marble Palace and the Winter Palace.
Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg
Salzburg has preserved an extremely rich urban structure that developed between the Middle Ages and the 19th century when it was a city-state ruled by a prince-archbishop. Its flamboyant Gothic art attracted many craftsmen and artists, and the city later became even more famous for the work of Italian architects Vincenzo Scamozzi and Santini Solari, to whom the Baroque style of Salzburg's city center is largely attributed. This meeting point of northern and southern Europe perhaps inspired the talent of Salzburg's most famous son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, whose name has been associated with the city ever since.
Old Havana and its Fortification System
Havana was founded by the Spanish in 1519. By the 17th century it had become one of the main shipbuilding centres in the Caribbean. Although today Havana is a sprawling metropolis of 2 million inhabitants, its old centre still retains interesting Baroque and Neoclassical buildings, as well as clusters of private houses with arcades, balconies, cast-iron gates and interior courtyards.
Historic Centre of Zacatecas
Zacatecas was founded in 1546 following the discovery of rich silver mines and reached the height of its prosperity in the 16th and 17th centuries. Built on the steep slopes of a narrow valley, the town offers stunning views and many ancient buildings, both religious and civil. The cathedral, built between 1730 and 1760, dominates the center of town. It is famous for its harmonious design and rich Baroque façade, with both European and native decorative elements.
Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region
The fortified city of Fasil Ghebbi was the residence of the Ethiopian Emperor Fasilides and his successors in the 16th and 17th centuries. The city walls are 900 meters long and contain palaces, churches, monasteries and unique public and private buildings with Hindu and Arab influences, and later the Baroque style brought to Gondar by Jesuit missionaries.
Abbey of St Gall
The Abbey of St. Gall is a perfect example of a Carolingian monastery and was one of the most important monasteries in Europe from the 8th century until its secularization in 1805. The library of the abbey is one of the richest and oldest in the world, containing precious manuscripts such as the earliest known architectural plans on parchment. The abbey area was rebuilt in the Baroque style between 1755 and 1768. The cathedral and library are the main features of this extraordinary complex, reflecting 12 centuries of continuous activity.
Kutná Hora: Historical Town Centre with the Church of St Barbara and the Cathedral of Our Lady at Sedlec
Kutná Hora developed as a result of silver mining. In the 14th century, it became a royal city with monuments that symbolize its prosperity. The Church of St. Barbara is a jewel of the late Gothic period, and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Sedlec has been restored in the early 18th century Baroque style, which influenced the architecture of Central Europe. These masterpieces now form part of a well-preserved medieval urban fabric, among which there are some particularly fine private residences.
Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa
Built on volcanic rock, Arequipa's historic center is a fusion of European and indigenous building techniques and features, as exemplified by the work of colonial masters and Creole and Indian stonemasons. This combination of influences is evident in the city's solid walls, arches and vaults, courtyards and open spaces, and the elaborate Baroque decoration of its facades.
Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines
Guanajuato was founded by the Spanish in the early 16th century and became the world's leading silver mining centre in the 18th century. This history can be seen in its "underground streets" and "Boca del Inferno", a breathtaking mine shaft that reaches 600 meters deep. The town's exquisite Baroque and Neoclassical architecture grew out of the mining boom and influenced architecture throughout central Mexico. The churches of La Compañía and La Valenciana are considered among the most beautiful examples of Baroque architecture in Central and South America. Guanajuato has also been witness to events that changed the country's history.
Historic Centre of Vienna
Vienna grew from an early Celtic and Roman settlement into a medieval and Baroque city and the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. From the glory days of Viennese Classicism until the early 20th century, it was Europe's leading music centre. Vienna's historic centre features a rich architectural ensemble, including Baroque castles and gardens, and the late 19th-century Ringstrasse, lined with magnificent buildings, monuments and parks.
Aranjuez Cultural Landscape
The Aranjuez Cultural Landscape is a complex of relationships: nature and human activity, winding waterways and geometric landscape design, rural and urban, forest landscape and the refined harmony of palace architecture. Over three hundred years, the royal development and care of this landscape has seen the evolution of humanism and political centralization, with features such as French Baroque gardens in the 18th century, to the urban lifestyle that developed during the Enlightenment with the domestication of plants and the science of animal husbandry.
Mir Castle Complex
The castle was originally built at the end of the 15th century in Gothic style. It was later expanded and rebuilt, first in Renaissance style and then in Baroque style. After being abandoned for nearly a century and suffering serious damage during the Napoleonic period, the castle was restored at the end of the 19th century, with the addition of many other elements and the transformation of the surrounding area into a park. Its current form bears vivid witness to its turbulent history.
Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex
The Plantin-Moretus Museum is a printing house and publishing house with a history dating back to the Renaissance and Baroque period. Located in Antwerp, one of the three leading cities in early European printing along with Paris and Venice, it is closely linked to the history of the invention and spread of printing. Its name refers to the greatest print publisher of the second half of the 16th century: Christophe Plantin (c. 1520-89). The monument is of outstanding architectural value. It documents in detail the life and work of the most productive printing and publishing house in Europe at the end of the 16th century. The company's building, which was in operation until 1867, houses a large collection of old printing equipment, a large library, valuable archives and works of art, including a painting by Rubens.
Historic Town of Ouro Preto
Ouro Preto (Black Gold) was founded in the late 17th century and was the centre of the 18th century gold rush and Brazil's Golden Age. As the gold mines dried up in the 19th century, the city's influence waned, but many of its churches, bridges and fountains remain, testament to its past prosperity and the talent of the Baroque sculptor Aleijadinho.
Historic Monuments Zone of Querétaro
The old colonial city of Querétaro is unique in that it has retained the geometric street plan of the Spanish conquistadors, side by side with the winding alleys of the Indian settlements. The Otomi, Tarasco, Chichimeca and Spanish lived peacefully in this town, which is famous for its many ornate Baroque civil and religious monuments from its golden age in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Santiago de Compostela (Old Town)
This famous pilgrimage site in northwestern Spain became a symbol of the Spanish Christians' fight against Islam. It was destroyed by Muslims at the end of the 10th century and completely rebuilt over the next century. With its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque architecture, Santiago's Old Town is one of the most beautiful urban areas in the world. The oldest monuments are concentrated around the Tomb of St. James and the Cathedral, which has the striking Portico of Glory.
Vilnius Historic Centre
Vilnius was the political center of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 13th century to the end of the 18th century, and had a profound influence on the cultural and architectural development of much of Eastern Europe. Despite invasions and partial destruction, Vilnius has preserved an impressive collection of Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Classical buildings, as well as its medieval layout and natural environment.
Margravial Opera House Bayreuth
The Opera House is a masterpiece of Baroque theatre architecture, built between 1745 and 1750. It is the only building of its kind to have survived intact and offers an authentic experience of Baroque court opera culture and acoustics for 500 spectators, as the auditorium retains its original materials, wood and canvas. The Opera House was commissioned by Margrave Wilhelmina, wife of Margrave Frederick of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, and designed by the famous theatre architect Giuseppe Galli Bibiena. As a court opera house in a public place, it foreshadowed the great public theatres of the 19th century. The beautifully decorated, layered wooden box structure with hallucinatory painted canvases represents a short-lived tradition of ceremonial architecture, used for pageants and celebrations of princely self-display.
Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
The large water feature at Wilhelmshöhe, which runs down a long hill crowned by a colossal statue of Hercules, was begun in 1689 by Count Karl of Hesse-Kassel, along an east-west axis, and continued into the 19th century. The reservoirs and canals behind the statue of Hercules feed a complex system of hydro-pneumatic equipment that supplies the site’s massive Baroque water theatre, grottoes, fountains and 350-metre-long waterfall. Beyond that, the canals and waterways meander through the axis, creating a series of spectacular waterfalls and turbulent rapids, the 50-metre-high fountain, lakes and secluded ponds that enliven the Romantic gardens created in the 18th century by Karl’s great-grandson, Elector William I. The park’s massive size and hydraulic engineering, as well as the towering statue of Hercules, embody the ideals of absolute monarchy, while the entire complex is an extraordinary testimony to the aesthetics of the Baroque and Romantic periods.
Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
The large water feature at Wilhelmshöhe, which runs down a long hill crowned by a colossal statue of Hercules, was begun in 1689 by Count Karl of Hesse-Kassel, along an east-west axis, and continued into the 19th century. The reservoirs and canals behind the statue of Hercules feed a complex system of hydro-pneumatic equipment that supplies the site’s massive Baroque water theatre, grottoes, fountains and 350-metre-long waterfall. Beyond that, the canals and waterways meander through the axis, creating a series of spectacular waterfalls and turbulent rapids, the 50-metre-high fountain, lakes and secluded ponds that enliven the Romantic gardens created in the 18th century by Karl’s great-grandson, Elector William I. The park’s massive size and hydraulic engineering, as well as the towering statue of Hercules, embody the ideals of absolute monarchy, while the entire complex is an extraordinary testimony to the aesthetics of the Baroque and Romantic periods.
The par force hunting landscape in North Zealand
The cultural landscape is located approximately 30 km northeast of Copenhagen and includes the hunting forests of Store Dyrehave and Gribskov and the Jægersborg Hegn/Jægersborg Dyrehave hunting park. It is a carefully designed landscape where the Danish kings and their courts practiced compulsory hunting or hunting with hounds, which reached its peak in the late 17th and 18th centuries when absolute monarchs turned it into a power landscape. With hunting paths laid out in a star pattern, combined with an orthogonal grid pattern, numbered stone pillars, fences and hunting lodges, the site demonstrates the application of Baroque landscape design principles to a forested area.
Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square
This magnificent Baroque palace, surrounded by beautiful gardens and one of the largest and most beautiful in Germany, was built under the patronage of Bishops Lothar Franz and Friedrich Karl von Schönborn. It was constructed and decorated in the 18th century by an international team of architects, painters (including Tiepolo), sculptors and plasterers, led by Balthasar Neumann.
Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda
Founded by the Portuguese in the 16th century, the town's history is closely tied to the sugar cane industry. The town was rebuilt after being plundered by the Dutch, and its basic urban structure dates back to the 18th century. The harmonious balance between buildings, gardens, 20 baroque churches, monasteries and numerous chapels all add to Olinda's unique charm.
Baroque Churches of the Philippines
The four churches are located in Manila, Santa Maria, Paoay and Miagao. The first church was built by the Spanish in the late 16th century. Its architectural style is unique, which is a reinterpretation of European Baroque style by Chinese and Filipino craftsmen.
Old City of Dubrovnik
The "Pearl of the Adriatic" on the Dalmatian coast has been an important maritime power in the Mediterranean since the 13th century. Despite being severely damaged by an earthquake in 1667, Dubrovnik has managed to preserve its beautiful Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque churches, monasteries, palaces and fountains. Armed conflict again took its toll on Dubrovnik in the 1990s, and it is now the focus of a major restoration program coordinated by UNESCO.
Historic Centre of Český Krumlov
Located on the Vltava River, the town was built around a 13th-century castle and combines Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque elements. It is an outstanding example of a medieval town in Central Europe, and its architectural heritage has remained intact thanks to more than five centuries of peaceful development.
Gardens and Castle at Kroměříž
Kroměříž is located on the site of an early ferry crossing on the Morava River, at the foot of the Hribí Mountains in central Moravia. The gardens and castle of Kroměříž are a well-preserved and complete example of a European Baroque royal residence and its gardens.
Old City of Salamanca
This ancient university city northwest of Madrid was first conquered by the Carthaginians in the 3rd century BC, then became a Roman settlement before coming under Moorish rule in the 11th century. The university is one of the oldest in Europe and reached its peak in the 18th century. Salamanca's Golden Age. The city's historic centre features important Romanesque, Gothic, Moorish, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. The main square with its galleries and arcades is particularly impressive.