Heritage with Related Tags
Historic City of Vigan
Founded in the 16th century, Vigan is the best-preserved example of Spanish colonial town planning in Asia. Its architecture reflects a fusion of cultural elements from other parts of the Philippines, China, and Europe, resulting in a unique culture and townscape with no parallels found anywhere else in East and Southeast Asia.
Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán
Inhabited for 1,500 years by a variety of peoples, including the Olmecs, Zapotecs and Mixtecs, Monte Alban’s terraces, dams, canals, pyramids and artificial mounds were carved out of the mountain as a symbol of sacred topography. The nearby city of Oaxaca, laid out on a grid, is a prime example of town planning during the Spanish colonial period. The solidity and volume of the city’s buildings suggest they were adapted to the earthquake-prone region where these architectural gems were built.
Late Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto (South-Eastern Sicily)
The eight towns of southeastern Sicily: Caltagirone, Militello Val di Catania, Catania, Modica, Noto, Palazzolo, Ragusa and Scicli, were all rebuilt on or next to the towns where they were when the earthquake struck in 1693. They represent a considerable collective undertaking that has managed to achieve a high level of architectural and artistic achievement. They retain the late Baroque style of the time and also display unique innovations in town planning and urban architecture.
Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison
Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison is an outstanding example of British colonial architecture, consisting of a well-preserved old town built in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, which bears witness to the expansion of Britain's Atlantic colonial empire. The site also includes the nearby military garrison, which consists of numerous historic buildings. The site's meandering urban layout demonstrates the different approach to colonial town planning compared to the Spanish and Dutch colonial cities in the region, which were built on a grid plan.
Paris, Banks of the Seine
From the Louvre to the Eiffel Tower, from the Place de la Concorde to the Grand and Petit Palais, the evolution and history of Paris can be seen from the Seine. Notre Dame and Sainte-Chapelle are architectural masterpieces, while Haussmann's wide squares and boulevards influenced town planning around the world in the late 19th and 20th centuries.
Ancient City of Ping Yao
Pingyao is a well-preserved traditional Han Chinese city that was founded in the 14th century. Its urban structure shows the evolution of ancient Chinese architectural style and town planning over five centuries. Particularly interesting are the magnificent buildings associated with the city of Pingyao. Pingyao was a major center for banking throughout China in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Island of Saint-Louis
Saint-Louis was founded as a colony by French colonists in the 17th century and began to be urbanized in the mid-19th century. It was the capital of Senegal from 1872 to 1957 and played an important cultural and economic role in the whole of West Africa. Saint-Louis is located on a small island at the mouth of the Senegal River. Its regular town planning, dock system and typical colonial architecture give it a unique appearance and characteristics.
Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro
Mohenjodaro was a huge city built entirely of unfired bricks in the Indus Valley in the third millennium BC. The acropolis, walls and lower town, built on high embankments, were laid out according to strict rules, providing evidence for the emergence of an early system of town planning.
Nice, Winter Resort Town of the Riviera
The Mediterranean city of Nice, located close to the Italian border, witnessed the evolution of a winter-weather resort due to its mild climate and its seaside location at the foot of the Alps. From the mid-18th century onwards, Nice attracted an increasing number of aristocratic and upper-class families, mainly British, who enjoyed spending the winter here. In 1832, Nice, then part of the Kingdom of Savoy-Piedmont-Sardinia, adopted an urban plan designed to attract foreigners. Soon afterwards, a 2-meter-wide seaside path, the "Promenade des Anglais", was expanded into a famous seaside promenade, known as the Promenade des Anglais after the city was ceded to France in 1860. Over the next century, the influx of more and more winter residents from other countries, especially Russia, into the city led to the development of new districts around the medieval old town. The multicultural influences of the winter residents and the desire to make the most of the local climatic conditions and landscapes shaped the urban planning and eclectic architectural style of these areas, giving the city its reputation as an international winter resort.
Le Havre, the City Rebuilt by Auguste Perret
The city of Le Havre, located on the English Channel in Normandy, was heavily bombed during World War II. Between 1945 and 1964, the destroyed areas were rebuilt according to plans by a team led by Auguste Perret. The site constitutes the administrative, commercial and cultural centre of Le Havre. Le Havre stands out among the many rebuilt cities for its unity and integrity. It combines earlier town models and existing historic buildings with new ideas in town planning and building technology. It is an outstanding example of post-war urban planning and architecture, based on methodological unity and the use of prefabrication, the systematic exploitation of modular grids and the innovative development of the potential of concrete.
Historic Centre of Siena
Siena is a classic example of a medieval city. The inhabitants of Siena competed with Florence in the area of urban planning. For centuries, they preserved the city's Gothic appearance, which was developed between the 12th and 15th centuries. During this period, the work of Duccio, the Lorenzetti brothers and Simone Martini influenced the development of art in Italy and throughout Europe. The entire city of Siena is built around Piazza del Campo and is designed like a work of art that blends in with the surrounding landscape.
Bordeaux, Port of the Moon
Porte-de-Marne is a port city in southwestern France, Bordeaux, classified as an inhabited historic city, an outstanding urban and architectural complex built during the Age of Enlightenment, whose value survived until the first half of the 20th century, with more protected buildings than any other French city except Paris. It is also known for its historical role in the exchange of cultural values for more than 2,000 years, especially since the 12th century, due to commercial links with England and the Low Countries. The urban planning and architectural complex since the early 18th century make the city an outstanding example of innovative classical and neoclassical trends and give it an extraordinary urban and architectural unity and coherence. Its urban morphology represents the success of philosophers who wanted to make the city a melting pot of humanism, universalism and culture.
Konkara: Archaeological Site of Linga (City of Glory)
The site of Koh Ker is a sacred city complex of temples and sanctuaries, including sculptures, inscriptions, murals and archaeological remains. Koh Ker was built over a period of 23 years and competed with Angkor for the title of capital of the Khmer Empire, which it held from 928 to 944 AD. The holy city was founded by King Jayavarman IV and is believed to have been laid out in accordance with ancient Hindu cosmology. It exhibits atypical urban planning, high artistic expression and architectural techniques, particularly the use of oversized monolithic stones.
Mantua and Sabbioneta
Mantua and Sabbioneta in the Po Valley in northern Italy represent two aspects of Renaissance urban planning: Mantua shows the renewal and expansion of an existing city, while Sabbioneta, 30 km away, represents the implementation of the period's theories on planning an ideal city. Mantua's layout is generally irregular, and the regular part shows different stages of development since the Roman period, including many medieval buildings, including an 11th-century rotunda and a Baroque theater. Sabbioneta was built in the second half of the 16th century under the rule of one man, Vespasiano Gonzaga Colonna, and can be described as a city of a single period, with a right-angled grid layout. Both cities bear extraordinary testimony to the urban, architectural and artistic realization of the Renaissance, and are linked by the vision and actions of the ruling Gonzaga family. The two towns are important for the value of their architecture and for their prominent role in the dissemination of Renaissance culture. The Renaissance ideals promoted by the Gonzaga family are reflected in the morphology and architecture of the towns.
White City of Tel-Aviv – the Modern Movement
Tel Aviv was founded in 1909 and developed into a metropolis during the British Mandate of Palestine. The White City was built between the early 1930s and 1950s based on the urban plan of Sir Patrick Geddes, which embodied modern organic planning principles. The buildings were designed by architects who had been trained and practiced in Europe before emigrating. They created an outstanding architectural ensemble of the Modern Movement in their new cultural context.
Old Walled City of Shibam
Shibam, a city founded in the 16th century and surrounded by defensive walls, is one of the oldest and best examples of urban planning using vertical architectural principles. Its impressive towers rising from the cliffs have earned the city the nickname "Manhattan of the Desert".
Historic Centre of Morelia
Founded in the 16th century, Morelia is an outstanding example of urban planning, combining Spanish Renaissance ideas with Mesoamerican experience. The city's streets fit perfectly into the hillside and still retain their original layout. More than 200 historic buildings, built of the region's unique pink stone, reflect the city's architectural history, combining medieval spirit with Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical elements. Morelia was the birthplace of several important figures in independent Mexico and played an important role in the country's history.
Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl
The historic city of Yaroslavl, located at the confluence of the Volga and Kotorosl rivers, about 250 km northeast of Moscow, has developed into an important commercial center since the 11th century. Yaroslavl is famous for its many 17th-century churches and is an outstanding example of the urban planning reforms that Catherine II ordered for the whole of Russia in 1763. Yaroslavl has preserved some important historical buildings and has been renovated in the neoclassical style according to the radial city master plan. Yaroslavl also retains elements of the 16th-century Spassky Monastery, one of the oldest monasteries in the Upper Volga region, which was built on the site of a pagan temple at the end of the 12th century but was rebuilt over time.
Chan Chan Archaeological Zone
The Chimú Empire, with Chan Chan as its capital, reached its peak in the 15th century, shortly before it was conquered by the Incas. This sprawling city was the largest in pre-Columbian Americas, and its planning reflected a strict political and social strategy, characterized by its division into nine "castles" or "palaces" that formed independent units.
Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region
The eight archaeological sites are located in three geographical areas in the southeastern Fars Province: Firuzabad, Bishapur and Sarvistan. Fortifications, palaces and urban planning date from the early and late Sassanian Empire, which spanned the region from 224 to 658 AD. The sites include the capital built by the founder of the dynasty, Ardashir Papakhan, as well as cities and architectural structures built by his successor, Shapur I. The archaeological landscape reflects an optimal use of the natural terrain and bears witness to the influence of Achaemenid and Parthian cultural traditions, as well as Roman art, which had a significant impact on the architecture of the Islamic era.
Ancient Jericho/Sultan Trapezium
Located in the Jordan Valley, the site is an oval mound containing remains of prehistoric human activities, including the adjacent "Sultan Spring" (Ain es-Sultan), which never runs dry. Due to the fertile soil and convenient water sources of the oasis, permanent human settlements appeared here as early as 9-8 millennia BC. Skulls and statues found on the site show the religious worship customs of the Neolithic residents; archaeological data from the early Bronze Age show signs of urban planning; and remains from the Middle Bronze Age indicate that there was a large Canaanite city-state here, inhabited by a complex social group.
La Chaux-de-Fonds / Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning
The La Chaux-de-Fonds/Le Locle watchmaking town planning site consists of two towns located next to each other in a remote area of the Swiss Jura Mountains, with land unsuitable for farming. Their planning and architecture reflect the watchmakers’ need for rational organization. The towns were planned in the early 19th century, after extensive fires, and owe their existence to this single industry. Their layout follows an open plan of parallel strips, with a mixture of residences and workshops, reflecting the needs of the local watchmaking culture, which dates back to the 17th century and is still active today. The site is an outstanding example of a single-industry manufacturing town, well preserved and still active. The town planning of both towns accommodated the transition from manual production in a cottage industry to more centralized factory production in the late 19th and 20th centuries. Karl Marx described La Chaux-de-Fonds as a “huge factory town” in Capital and analyzed the division of labor in the watchmaking industry in the Jura region.
Beijing's Central Axis: A Masterpiece of China's Ideal Capital Order
The Beijing Central Axis is located in the center of Beijing's old city, running from north to south. It consists of 15 heritage elements in five categories, including ancient royal palaces, ancient royal sacrificial buildings, ancient urban management facilities, national ceremonial and public buildings, and the remains of the central road. Together, they witness the historical transformation of Beijing from an imperial capital to a modern capital, and showcase China's urban planning tradition. Its site selection, layout, urban planning, roads and design, as a whole, demonstrate the ideal capital planning paradigm recorded in the ancient Chinese book "Kaogongji". This area, located between two parallel rivers, has a history of human settlement of about 3,000 years, and the Central Axis itself originated from the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), which established its capital in the north. Many ancient buildings on the Central Axis were built in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and perfected in the Qing Dynasty (1635-1912).
Historic Town of Zabid
Zabid's domestic and military architecture and urban planning make it an outstanding archaeological and historical site. In addition to being the capital of Yemen from the 13th to the 15th centuries, the city played an important role in the Arab and Muslim world for centuries because of its Islamic university.
Punic Town of Kerkuane and its Necropolis
This Phoenician city was probably abandoned during the First Punic War (around 250 BC) and was therefore not rebuilt by the Romans. The site is the only surviving example of a Phoenician-Punic city. The houses were built according to a standard plan, in line with a sophisticated urban planning concept.
Urban Historic Centre of Cienfuegos
The colonial town of Cienfuegos was founded in 1819 on Spanish territory but was originally settled by French immigrants. It became a trading post for sugar cane, tobacco and coffee. Located on the south-central Caribbean coast of Cuba, in what was once the country's sugar cane, mango, tobacco and coffee producing region, the town initially developed in a neoclassical style. Later it became more eclectic but retained a harmonious overall townscape. Particularly interesting buildings include the Government Palace (Town Hall), the San Lorenzo School, the Diocese, the Ferrer Palace, the former College and some residences. Cienfuegos is the first architectural complex and an outstanding example of the new ideas of modern, sanitary and orderly urban planning that developed in Latin America from the 18th to the 19th century.
Djémila
Djémila or Cuicul, at 900 metres above sea level, with its forum, temples, basilica, triumphal arch and houses, is an interesting example of Roman town planning adapted to a mountainous location.
Old and New Towns of Edinburgh
Edinburgh has been the capital of Scotland since the 15th century. It has two distinct quarters: the Old Town, dominated by its medieval fortress, and the New Town, whose development from the 18th century onwards had a profound influence on European urban planning. These two historic and contrasting quarters coexist harmoniously, each with many important buildings, and it is these two quarters that give the city its unique character.
Historic Area of Willemstad, Inner City and Harbour, Curaçao
In 1634, the Dutch established a trading settlement in a natural harbor on the Caribbean island of Curaçao. The town continued to grow over the following centuries. The modern town is made up of several unique historic neighborhoods, and its architecture reflects not only European urban planning concepts, but also the styles of the Dutch as well as the Spanish and Portuguese colonial towns that traded with Willemstad.