Dough figurines, also known as "dough sculptures" and "glutinous rice figurines", are a traditional sculpture art made mainly of edible flour and glutinous rice flour. They are popular all over the country and are deeply loved by the people. Dough figurines are mostly based on animals and characters from myths and legends, historical stories, and local operas. The basic forms are divided into "lottery-style" and "case-style". The former are mostly food and toys for entertaining children, with simple shapes and vivid forms; the latter are elegant decorative artworks with exquisite workmanship and delicate shapes. Additives must also be mixed into the raw materials to prevent cracking, insects, and mildew. Dough figurine production generally uses pinching, rubbing, kneading, and lifting to shape the general shape, and then uses bamboo knives to skillfully point, cut, carve, and scratch to depict local details such as hands and feet, head and face, and expressions. Finally, hair accessories, dresses, and related plug-ins are added to complete the work. The art of dough figurines mainly relies on the improvisation of wandering artists who walk the streets. They have mastered the skillful shaping techniques, and are familiar with the process procedures such as themes, shapes, and color matching. In an instant, they can turn dough into a spirited artistic image. The art of dough figurines inherited and developed among the people embodies the aesthetic feelings and life ideals of the general public, and provides important physical materials for the study of Chinese folk history, customs and art. Cao County Jiangmi figurines are a traditional dough figurine art popular in Cao County, Shandong Province, which evolved from offerings for worshiping gods in ancient times. According to the introduction of the local old artists who make Jiangmi figurines, during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Taoyuan Town, Ancailou Town and other places in Cao County had the custom of using "flower offerings" to worship the heaven and earth and the god of fire. The "flower offerings" included offerings such as figures, auspicious animals, flowers and birds made of glutinous rice flour. This folk custom of expressing blessings and wishes with dough offerings has continued to this day, but the subject matter has been greatly expanded, with auspicious birds and beasts, fairy flowers and grass, drama stories, myths and legends, historical figures, folk customs and real life. When not used as offerings, Cao County Jiangmi people are mainly "lottery-style" food and toys that traveling artists make and sell to entertain children. Cao County Jiangmi people have rich styles, simple shapes, gorgeous colors, and vivid shapes, showing strong artistry. As a traditional skill closely related to sacrificial folk customs, it has important reference value in the study of folk religious culture. At present, under the impact of modern lifestyles, the living space of Cao County Jiangmi people is shrinking, and they are facing a great inheritance crisis and are in urgent need of rescue and protection.