Donglu Bangzi

Shandong
🎧  Listen to Introduction

Donglu Bangzi Opera in Huimin County, formerly known as Bangzi Opera, also known as Shandong Hou, is one of the ancient operas with a long history, large performance scenes, and a wide range of popularity. It is called "big drama" by the masses. According to relevant historical records and various investigations, the history of Donglu Bangzi is more than 300 years. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the scattered artists of Tongzhou Bangzi in Shanxi Province came to Shandong along the Yellow River with merchant ships to make a living, singing and teaching Tongzhou Bangzi (i.e. Bangzi Opera) everywhere. It was introduced to Huimin County in 1628 AD, and this tune and singing form gradually emerged, became popular, and developed in Huimin County. Later, after the processing and creation of artists and the influence of local dialects and folk operas, this Tongzhou Bangzi has undergone great changes in recitation, singing, performance, etc. At that time, this changed Tongzhou Bangzi was called Bangzi Opera. However, Hengdi Bangzi (now Hebei Bangzi) is also called Bangzi tune. These two types of Bangzi are often performed on the same stage. In order to distinguish the two types of Bangzi, Tongzhou Bangzi is called Donglu Bangzi (because it is popular east of Jinan and northeast), and Hengdi Bangzi is called Xilu Bangzi (because it is popular west of Jinan and northwest). During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Guangcheng, Zhang Jiucheng and other old artists from Dawan, Huimin County, further developed it and it flourished. In the entire Bohai area, whether it was a trade fair or a shrine society, as long as they sang opera, they would sing Donglu Bangzi opera. Donglu Bangzi became increasingly popular among the masses, and its popular area continued to expand. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Donglu Bangzi opera represented by Zhou Kang, Zhou Maizi, Jia Xing and Lian Guaizi was very famous in most of Shandong, southern Hebei, and the Beijing-Tianjin area. At that time, in Huimin, Zhangqiu, Shanghe, and Leling, there was a folk song that went like this: "I would rather smash the noodle jar than not watch Zhou Kang; Zhou Kang plays Guan Gong and he won't go to work for three days." The singing style of Donglu Bangzi belongs to the "banqiang style". It has many styles, which can be divided into the following types: big one-ban and big slow ban, two-ban (also called slow two-ban), three-ban, four-ban, sharp ban and guide, small guide, one sentence and one fight, three crying ban, crying style. In addition to this main style, there are many tunes such as: Luantan, Kunqiang, Liuqiang, Wawaqiang, slippery, poking, Moguluyouzi, reverse pulling cart, calling the board, and more than 20 other singing styles. At the same time, chorus, accompaniment, and duet were added to the singing. There are dozens of tunes in Donglu Bangzi, the main suona tunes are: Dakaimen, Xiaokaimen, Shuilongyin, Dianjiangchun, Daqiyanhui, Qiying, Suonapi, Diliuzi, Slow in Tight, Tight in Slow, Daochunlai, Jishengcao, Yizhihua, Fendiezi, Wumajianglingshui, etc.; string tunes are: Dakaimen, Xiaokaimen, Baban, Haiqingge, Huabangzi, Kuhuangtian, Wannianhuan, Gongchishang, Liuyaojin, Bacha, Bangzhuangtai, Huihuiqu, etc. Donglu Bangzi has a complete range of trades, strict costumes, and adheres to the principle of preferring to wear torn rather than wrong, and the facial makeup is formal and generous. Donglu Bangzi performances are rough and realistic, and pay great attention to the use of "unique skills", such as gauze hat skills, hair shaking skills, beard skills, shoe kicking skills, stage steps, etc. In recent years, performances are still being held in villages in Huimin County, Zhanhua County, Leling County and other counties. Taking Huimin as an example, Qianniu Village in Xindian Township and Xiaosong Village in Jianglou Town are the most representative. In particular, Xiaosong Village has been active in recent years and has established a Donglu Bangzi Troupe. In its long-term development, Donglu Bangzi has played a positive role in cultivating national sentiments and resisting the influence of bad culture. In particular, in recent years, it has played a positive role in enriching the cultural life of the people, improving the cultural quality of the people, promoting the all-round development of rural areas, and building a harmonious society. Donglu Bangzi and other folk arts together constitute the diversity and pluralism of the region's culture. Its excavation and protection meet the requirements and purposes of intangible cultural heritage protection, and are of great significance for studying its inheritance and development in the future. In 2006, "Donglu Bangzi" was approved by the Shandong Provincial People's Government to be included in the first batch of "Shandong Province Intangible Cultural Heritage List". (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)

Intangible culture related to the heritage

China tourist attractions related to the heritage

World heritage related to the heritage