Yino Yi folk songs refer specifically to the Yino folk songs in the Leibo area. They are traditional folk songs that are circulated in the Yi Yino dialect area of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. Leibo has been a county since the Han Dynasty and has been the political, economic and cultural center of the region for generations. It has completely inherited the tradition of Yi folk songs, has rich folk song resources, and maintains its original ecological features. Leibo Yino folk songs include the overall form and content of Yi folk songs, and are representative and typical. [Era of Origin] Folk songs have been produced since primitive times along with people's survival and reproduction. According to historical records, the Leibo area was the first place where the Yi ancestors entered Liangshan, Sichuan, so the Leibo Yino area is undoubtedly the birthplace of Yi culture, including folk songs. The survival and development of folk songs are essentially inseparable from the survival and development of mankind. The Yi creation epic "Le'oteyi" tells the story of the hero Zhige Along shouting for the sunrise after shooting down the sun, which is the folk song of the primitive witch sacrifice of the ancestors. It can be chanted or sung. The historical origins of Yinuo folk songs can be traced back to ancient times. According to Yi records, Wu Laocuo (800 BC), the 29th ancestor of the paternal line of the Yi people, "promoted sacrifices, established rules and regulations, and entertained guests". As a symbol of etiquette and an organic component, songs and dances became "rituals and music" and became formalized and formalized. Folk song genres and varieties are adapted to wedding customs and etiquette, such as wedding songs, wedding songs, wedding songs, wedding songs, and wedding songs; funeral songs, mourning songs, soul-sending songs, and sacrificial silk songs; and entertainment songs adapted to festivals and celebrations. At least in modern times, a systematic and complete system has been formed. Yinuo folk songs include all categories and types of Yi folk songs. [Distribution area] The word "Yinuo" contains the dual concepts of Yi language and related culture and region. The Yi-Yinuo dialect is mainly distributed in the eastern and northern parts of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture; the region includes Leibo, Meigu, Mabian, Ebian (Ma and E counties have always been administratively under Liangshan and are administered by Leshan) and parts of Ganluo, Yuexi, Zhaojue and other counties. Leibo County has always been the representative of this region, and its folk song tradition is stable and rich. According to the distribution and circulation of folk songs, the county can be subdivided into the "Wagang Suoshi Nuohuo" area, the "Wagang Suoshi Gehuo" area, the Yinuo dialect area, and the mixed area. The subdivision of the area shows its colorful local combination. [Basic content] 1. Yahe (mountain song) Mountain song refers to songs sung outdoors in the mountains according to the usual concept. This kind of song is generally not sung indoors by the Yi people, so it is not subject to customary law. It has the characteristics of improvisation and can best express people's sincere emotions. The lyrics are all-encompassing and countless. A typical example is the song "Aidas": "May all the mountains collapse, may Mianping Mountain collapse, and bury all the masters; may the smoke from the cooking of the suffering people frighten the flying crows, and live happily; may the vast land where the turtledoves fly over and rest for nine times belong to them." 2 Xixie Niji (marriage songs) include the two processes of the wedding, the songs of the wedding and the wedding. (1) The crying songs of the Lireer girls before their wedding, also known as Lire Meimei, among which the representative one is "Reda", which means to keep them, and not want to leave their parents' home. A few days before the bride's wedding, she will be accompanied by girls from the same village to cry and sing together. Among them, the famous Yi women's elegy narrative long poem "Amo Lire" is a must-sing content. (2) The wedding reception song is the song sung by the groom's groom (called "Xiangmu") when he and the girls from the bride's side have fun, play and sing together at the girl's house that night. Representative songs include "Turn around, turn around", "Asha Jiji", "Niu Niu Zhuo", etc. (3) Songs sung at Zhuohe weddings. A general term for songs with both singing and dancing ("Zhuohe" means "singing with dancing"). Generally, there are certain procedures and routines for singing and singing competitions. The content is complex, the repertoire is numerous, and the forms are diverse. For example, "Asiniuniu", "Le'e Niuniu", "There are Three Kinds of Men", etc. 3. Cuosiyina (funeral songs or funeral songs) Funeral rituals are customs that the Yi people in Liangshan attach great importance to and are solemn. There are corresponding singing, dancing and sacrificial activities in the processes of crying, welcoming guests, condoling, protecting the soul, sending the soul, burying, calling the soul, and resting the soul. The types of songs and activities include: (1) Songs sung by the relatives of the deceased while they are guarding the body and crying, such as "Cuoshi Amoen" and "Crying for Ama", etc. (2) Aguhe, sometimes called "Agu" or "Aguer", is a song sung by relatives and guests to mourn the deceased. The content is mainly to recall the life of the deceased and express the feelings of remembrance and longing. Some of the content is long, such as "Huo Luo Duo", and it is often accompanied by dance when singing; (3) Che Ge means a song to send off the soul or a song to guide the way. It is often accompanied by dance and is sung by an odd number of men, five or more, in a line. The lyrics are very long and have a certain degree of formality, roughly consistent with the "Song of the Soul" of "Bimo". 4 Znihe is the New Year's Festival Song. Leiboyinuo New Year's Festival Songs are rich and distinctive. Leibo is generally called "Kusi Niuniu", such as "Kusi A Pu Ji" and "Kusi A He". 5 Huoge (Happy Entertainment Song or Entertainment Song) "Huoge" or "Huoge Su" directly means to sing for fun. As a song type, it refers to many songs that have "Niuniu" as a characteristic background word, used at the beginning, end or throughout the song. In weddings, funerals, sacrifices, silk making, and funerals, many songs of the "Niuniu" type can be sung as "Huoge" to enrich the content of the ceremony, create a lively atmosphere, and entertain guests and friends. In daily life, some "Niuniu" songs are also sung. In addition, many narrative songs of the Yi people in Liangshan are also included in "Huoge", such as "Ni Chi Yue Jia", "Ayi Azhi", "Zi Zi Wu Wu", "Jia Mo An Niu" and so on, which are widely circulated in Leibo. 6 Gu Zhuhe (love song) Love songs have inherent customary names. "Gu Zhuhe" is a general term for love songs. According to records, in the early 20th century, there was a young man and woman in the northern part of Yinuo. Because they were forced to separate due to a marriage transaction, the young man committed suicide. The girl missed him deeply and sang songs as tears all day long. She compiled her love experience into "Aran Niu". The "Aran Niu" circulated in Leibo is not only complete and rich in content in Liangshan Prefecture, but also has more colorful and graceful music melodies, and a balanced, symmetrical and complete structure. For example, the "Aranyu" circulated in the Leibo Wagang area is very famous. 7 Ayihuoge (children's songs) Liangshan Yi children's songs are divided into two categories: those sung by children for fun and those sung by adults to please or educate children. 8 "Bi" and "Ni" (sacrificial and witchcraft songs) refer to the tunes and singing styles of Yi priests "Bimo", witches "Suni" and "Moni" (women) in ritual activities. 1. The characteristics of the carrier of Yi history and culture Leibo Yinuo folk songs are like a mirror of Yi social history, reflecting the historical process of Yi society. The matriarchal system of the Yi ancestors left a shadow in the Leibo folk songs "Hazi Ami Niuniu" and "Mure Ami". The two folk songs reflect the customs of "mother's uncle is the eldest" and "not living in the husband's house" in the matriarchal society. "Buckwheat Planting Song", "Girl Picking Mulberry", "Shepherd Mountain Song", "Dingding Yueqin" and other folk songs that reflect the social and economic life of the Yino area. There are many folk songs that record the class relations and life of the patriarchal clan slave society. Leibo Yinuo folk songs reflect people's lifestyles and conditions, behavioral ethics, social ethics, behavior, thoughts and emotions, and various aspects of social life in an "encyclopedic" way, carrying important characteristics of Yi social history and culture. 2 High-level artistic characteristics Leibo area has close contacts with the Han people, and has absorbed a lot of Han culture in economic production and life. The musical form and style characteristics of Yinuo folk songs have obviously absorbed new factors, and the musical forms are diverse and the musical form structure is more balanced and complete. There are breakthroughs in the modulation, tonality, structure, and melody in Liangshan Yi folk songs, with distinct characteristics and strong artistry. 3 Traditional characteristics Leibo Yinuo people, who are known as the "hometown of Yi folk songs", regard folk songs as spiritual food, "I would rather go without food for three days than go without songs for one day." According to statistics from the cultural, language committee and other relevant departments, there are more than 5,000 Leibo Yinuo folk songs, and the first and second volumes of "Leibo Yi Folk Songs" have been compiled and printed, and the recording materials have also been archived. The inheritance of folk songs relies on oral transmission from generation to generation, and singers play a core role. There is no way to verify the famous singers in Leibo's history. After the founding of New China, the first generation of music workers in Liangshan Yi people almost all came from Leibo, and singers emerged in the following decades. In 2004, Leibo was awarded the title of "Hometown of Yi Folk Songs" by the Liangshan Prefecture Cultural Bureau, and the title of "Hometown of Characteristic Culture and Art (Yi Folk Songs and Folk Music)" by the Provincial Department of Culture in the province in 2005. In 2006, it was awarded the title of "Hometown of Yi Folk Songs in China" by the China Artists Association. [Basic Value] 1. The protection value of intangible cultural heritage. In various historical stages of Yi society, Leibo Yinuo folk songs carry the record of the past of the nation and also inherit the present and the future. It not only plays this role in Liangshan Yi society, but also in the history and culture of the Yi people. As an important intangible cultural heritage of the Yi people in my country, Leibo Yinuo folk songs have many of the aforementioned characteristics and are indeed worth protecting. 2. Research value of national historical culture Leiboyino folk songs comprehensively reflect the status of Yi society and Yi people in various historical periods and time and space. From the perspective of cultural history, it has research value for social development history, national history, history of thought and philosophy, history of religion, history of art, etc.; from the perspective of cultural domain, it directly provides research resources for various disciplines that have cultural community relations with the art of this nation, such as ethnology, folklore, culture, aesthetics, literature, dance, musicology, etc.; from the perspective of cultural layer, in-depth analysis can also play a "fossil" role in anthropology, archaeology, etc. 3. The inheritance value of promoting national culture The historical position of Leiboyino folk songs in Yi folk songs is in the stage of breaking away from the "three unities". Music has achieved its own independent development and entered the threshold of "mature art". It has high-level characteristics and is also of great value to promote Yi music, Yi art, and Yi culture; at the same time, it can also contribute to inheriting and carrying forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation. 4. The value of the social role of aesthetic function. In recent years, Leibo County has been developing and utilizing the unique Yinuo folk song resources in its efforts to build the "Hometown of Yi Folk Songs", and has worked hard to transform them into national cultural capital. It has carried out a series of folk song activities from the masses to the government, from small to large, from daily to festive occasions, thus forming a broad and solid platform, which has achieved remarkable results in promoting the economic development of the county and the region, promoting the tourism industry, and prospering urban and rural cultural life. Not only that, it has also had a good impact on strengthening national unity and building a harmonious society, demonstrating its role and social value that cannot be underestimated.