There are many ways to fish by the Heilongjiang River, and there are different fishing methods depending on different situations. Generally, it can be divided into fishing, throwing hair hooks, night strings, coil strings and trip hooks. Fishing is the most common fishing method. This method is not only suitable for production and life needs, but also a good choice for people's leisure. The folk fishing customs in Mohe have different fishing methods for different fish species, which is mainly reflected in the use of bait. For most fish species, meat bait is generally used. Earthworms are the first choice for anglers because of their convenience and wide use. They are the best quality bait and are eaten by almost all cold-water fish. When using, first put the earthworm in the palm of your hand and beat it to death, cut a small section, put it on the fish hook, throw it into the water, and then wait for the fish to bite. There is no need for floating when fishing in the river. A heavier lead sinker is used in front of the fish string. After throwing it into the river, observe the swing of the fishing rod head to determine whether there is a fish on the hook, or use the feel to determine the fish on the hook. Fishing in lakes requires a float and a lighter lead weight. Whether in rivers or lakes, the number of fish hooks depends on the number of fish, usually 35. Experienced anglers like to use a flour bait when fishing for crucian carp in lakes. This bait is made of cornmeal, essence, cooked oil and other main ingredients. This bait is generally not taken by other fish, and it is more effective for fishing crucian carp. Throwing the hook is a targeted fishing method, generally only for fish such as trevally and fine scales that feed on flying insects on the water surface. Instead of using edible bait, a piece of feather is wrapped and tied on the hook, which looks like a caterpillar. People hold a short rod and drag the hook on the water surface to jump, which can attract fish to take the bait. There is no need for a fishing rod for night stringing, but the fish string is wrapped on the line board. The number of fish laid is relatively large, ranging from three to five coils to twenty to thirty coils. The fish string used for night stringing is also thicker and longer, depending on the width of the river, it is better to throw it into the middle of the river. The fish hooks and lead weights used are also larger. The bait varies depending on the type of fish being caught. Earthworms are still the most common, while catfish are fished with live small fish. When fishing for night fishing, you should find a secluded place, bait the fish, and throw the hook into the middle of the river. Hide the line board and then cast the next line. After a night, take them out at dawn the next day, and you can often catch big fish. The tools used for winding the line are basically the same as those for winding the night fishing, but the method is different. Winding the line means winding the line one by one during the day, and taking it up every once in a while (the length of the time interval depends on the number of fish in the river), picking up the fish, changing the bait, and then starting the next round. People living by the Heilongjiang River usually combine winding the line with ordinary fishing, which can entertain themselves and the harvest is also very considerable. The trip hook is a professional fishing method, usually carried out in shallow water. The trip hook consists of two parts, one is the main line, and the other is the hook hanging on the main line. The main line is thick, one end is tied to a big rock, and the other end is tied with a float. The length can reach hundreds of meters. The fish hook used is large, and the bait used on it is generally earthworms and live small fish. The rolling hook is specially used to catch large fish such as sturgeons, trevally, and fin-scaled carp. Its production is similar to that of the trip hook, but the difference is that the main line of the rolling hook is often made of oil silk rope, and the fish hook is a specially made large iron hook without barbs, which is mostly more than 15 cm long. The main line and the iron hook are connected by No. 8 line, called hook oil, and each hook oil has multiple iron hooks. There is no bait on the hook, but a small white ball is tied to the side of the hook, usually a ping-pong ball. One end of the main line is tied to a big tree or a big rock on the shore, and the other end is equipped with an iron anchor, which is taken into the deep water area by the fishing boat and goes deep into the bottom of the water. The principle of fishing with this tool is that the ping-pong balls attract large fish to play, and the iron hook hooks the fish to achieve the purpose of catching. Hanging net is a common fishing tool. The size of the fish caught varies according to the mesh size. There is a main line on the hanging net, and a net float made of birch bark is tied to the main line. Nowadays, plastic foam is mostly used. The middle part is the mesh size. The silk thread used, the height of the net, and the length of the net are proportional to the size of the mesh. The lower part is the bottom line, and a lead sinker is tied to the bottom line. When using it, one end of the net is tied to a stone in the water, and the other end is tied to a floating object as a float, and it goes straight into the water. The interval between net lifting depends on the fish caught. Generally speaking, the larger the mesh size, the larger the fish caught. The principle of fishing with hanging net is to use the mesh size to trap the gills or body of the fish to achieve the purpose of fishing. In order to improve the fishing efficiency, the hanging nets currently used by Mohe people are mostly multi-layer nets with different mesh sizes, up to 3 layers. Zhang net, also known as "family-destroying net", is an "extinct" fishing tool in Heilongjiang River, mostly used in summer. The net is unfolded like a huge pocket. The mesh becomes smaller towards the bottom of the net, and a net bag is formed at the end, which is called a "sleeve". The bottom of the "sleeve" is tied with a rope. The main line of this large net is generally made of oil silk rope, one end of which is tied to a big tree on the shore, and the other end is made of No. 8 line into a cage, which is filled with stones and sunk to the bottom of the river. The two sides of the large net are fixed on wooden stakes nailed in advance, and stones are tied to the bottom of the net to form a string of stones. The net is deeply penetrated into the bottom of the water, and a large open net is formed, waiting for the passing fish to enter the net. This kind of net is called "family-destroying net" because it can catch fish of all sizes. If all the fry are caught, naturally "family-destroying nets" will be "destroyed". There are two types of large and small nets, the large one is called a large net, and the small one is called a "single-base hanging net". The maze is also a kind of net, which is only used for fishing in winter. Its principle is similar to that of the net, but the difference is that the maze is composed of two nets, one above and one below. The net downstream of the main line is the same as the net in the hanging net method, while the net upstream of the main line needs to be tied with a stake at the sleeve. It should be noted that the reason why this kind of net is called "maze" is that there are some auxiliary facilities called "clip screen" when it is launched into the water together with the net. The purpose is to make the fish enter the net according to people's intentions. The screen is made of wooden stakes, and the net is hung on the stakes. The screen is composed of a straight screen set up along the main line on the shore and a semi-arc screen above the head. The two screens are not connected to each other. The fish coming from upstream are blocked by the screen and swim inward to find a passage. When they reach the end of the screen, they can enter the net downstream. If they do not enter, they will pass through the arc screen and push up to enter the net upstream. Like the hanging net, this is also an almost extinct fishing method. Wading nets and fishing is the most common fishing method for Mohe people in summer. The method of making the net used for wading fish is similar to that of hanging nets, except that the lead weight below is heavier than that of hanging nets. Generally, it is longer, some are more than 200 meters long, and are made up of multiple pieces connected. Unlike hanging nets, there is a movable float on the main line of the wading net, called the "net head", so that it can float along the current to the center of the river. The earliest float was made of wood, and later there was a plastic wine jug. However, this kind of float did not have a good effect of pulling to the center of the river. After a long period of fishing practice, people invented the "L"-shaped net head, called the "rake". The emergence of the rake solved the problem of pulling power, but sometimes this pulling power was too strong, and people often had to abandon the net because they could not retract the rake. In order to solve this problem, a movable rake soon appeared, that is, the rake consists of two parts, with a movable shaft in the middle, which is controlled by a spring, and the spring is connected to an information line on the main line. When the net needs to be collected, the information line is pulled, the spring opens, and the rake becomes a flat plate, and there is no resistance to collecting the net. The wading net is also composed of two to three layers of mesh like the hanging net. The difference between it and the hanging net is that the wading net does not only rely on the mesh to hang fish, but also can be wrapped by the mesh to wrap large fish. The cage is a large family of fishing tools. There are not only cages, but also shields, cans, bowls, and earthworms. This is a fishing method of waiting for the rabbit to come. Cages, shields, and earthworms are generally only put in lakes and ponds, while cans and bowls are generally used in rivers. Whether in rivers, lakes, or ponds, bait must be put in the fishing gear to attract fish. In the early years, the cage was made of willow branches. The main part is a big belly shape, and a cloth tube is installed at the bottom. It is tied to the bottom when it is put into the water and opened when it is taken out. Fish are poured out from here. The entrance is a cone-shaped funnel connected to the main body. There are inverted whiskers in the thin neck to prevent fish from escaping after entering. There is a rope tied outside, hidden on the shore, which is easy to collect. The bait used is mostly baked bones, bean cakes, etc. After the iron sieve appeared, it was used instead for the convenience of making cages. The manufacturing method is roughly the same. The shield is a simple fishing tool after the emergence of the iron sieve. It is round and about 20 cm high. There is a sunken inverted cone-shaped funnel at the bottom of the upper part, which can be used to enter the fish and also serves as a whisker. A cloth tube is installed in the middle of the lower bottom, and the usage is the same as that of the cage. The bait is also barbecued bones and bean cakes. The ground dragon is a fishing tool made of plastic gauze surrounded by multiple bamboo rings. It has multiple sections, and the diameter of the bamboo ring is similar to the size of a straw hat. The head is a sunken cone-shaped funnel, and the tail has an extra section of gauze, which is tied to catch fish. The method of using a bowl to store fish is relatively old, simple to make, and easy to use. Most of the elderly in Beiji Township know how to use it. Take a large bowl, cut a piece of plastic cloth larger than the mouth of the bowl, and tie it with a rope. Dig a small round hole in the middle, sew a cone-shaped funnel, and put it upside down in the bowl. It is made. Follow the same method to make at least a dozen and as many as thirty or fifty. When using it, put bran fried in soybean oil in the bowl. Use your heels to make a small pit on the riverbed, place the bowl in the pit, and determine the time to start the bowl depending on the amount of fish caught. This fishing method is mostly used to catch small fish. Canning bottles are also a very effective tool for catching small fish. It is simpler to make than bowls. Use plastic cloth to make a cone-shaped funnel and put it on the mouth of the canning bottle. Connect several canning bottles with silk ropes to form a string. The bait and the method of putting it in are the same as those for bowls. Betray the Liangzi Betray the Liangzi is a relatively special fishing method, which is mostly used in autumn. Unlike other fishing methods, this method requires certain geographical conditions. Generally, a small river branch with a narrow span is selected. Wooden stakes are used to clamp the barrier from both sides to the middle, leaving only a half-meter opening in the middle. The two sides of the opening are also fixed with wooden stakes and iron sieves are installed. The fish returning from the upstream are intercepted at the Liangzi and concentrated there. The person who puts the Liangzi can harvest it every day. Fried fish This is a barbaric fishing method that has long been abandoned by people. Around the 1970s and 1980s, fried fish was more popular. The tools for frying fish are simple to make, but they are somewhat dangerous. Generally, a glass wine bottle is used, half a bottle of engineering 0 is filled in it, and the 0 is placed in the 0, and the sand is compacted on the 0 before use. When using it, light the fuse and throw it into the fish school in the river. After 0, a large number of fish that have been blasted unconscious can be obtained. Chasing the edge is the main fishing method for people in Mohe in early winter. Generally, in November, the Heilongjiang River gradually freezes from the riverside to the center of the river. At this time, there is no snow on the ice, and it is crystal clear. The fish schools under the ice are clearly visible. Once the ice surface is accessible, it is the best time to chase the edge. The people chasing the edge first chisel the ice hole in the thin ice and put the hanging net under the ice layer. After the hanging net is put, people return to the shore and blast the fish under the ice layer to the center of the river. When the fish schools retreat one after another, they are also hung on the fishing net. During the year, the fishing season is the season when a large number of fish are caught. It is also the time when the fish are the fattest. The fish caught are of different sizes and easy to catch, which is the most talked about by fishermen. Lifting net Lifting net is a fishing tool suitable for shallow water, which is completed by two people. The longest is about four or five meters, and the shortest is about two meters. Nets have also changed in different eras. The earliest lifting nets were made of hemp and soaked with pig blood for easy drainage. Later, lifting nets made of iron sieves appeared, and now nets made of plastic silk threads are often used. There is a long pole on each side of the net for people to hold. When using it, two people go into the water together and push the net forward together. When they reach the shore, they lift it up and there will be a harvest in the net. Pulling net Pulling net is a fishing net developed on the basis of lifting net, which is completed by more than two people. Pulling net is larger than lifting net. There is a float tied to the upper net line and a lead sinker on the lower net line. The net is generally made of plastic silk threads and is relatively thick. There are rope loops on both sides for easy pulling. This kind of net can "catch everything in one net" for small lakes.