The Sangzhi Bai ethnic group's drum dance is also called "Tiaobangzang". The "drum dance" is a traditional dance of the Bai ethnic group. It is named because the main prop is a drum, which is 1.2 meters long and uses a wooden stick as a pole. The Sangzhi Bai ethnic group's drum dance is a representative dance of the Bai ethnic group and is also included in the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list of Hunan Province. The Sangzhi Bai ethnic group's drum dance is mainly distributed in the outer half of Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, including Furongqiao, Mahekou, Maidiping, Hongjiaguan, Guandiping, Ruitapu, Liujiaping, Zoumaping, Linxihe, Baishi, Milhu, Kongkeshu, Tianxingshan Forest Farm, Liyuan Town and other towns. With the continuous promotion of ethnic integration and the mutual tolerance of people's production and living habits, the Bai ethnic group's drum dance has gradually continued and developed in the inner half of the county, especially in Liangshuikou, Qiaoziwan and other towns. Because of the participation of the Bai people and the influence of the Bai traditional culture, the Bai ethnic group's drum dance has also become popular. In 2008, the Sangzhi Bai ethnic group's drum dance was identified as a project in the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list of Hunan Province. There are four theories about the origin of the Bai ethnic group's drum dance: one is that it is based on martial arts to highlight the Bai people's strong and brave character. The Bai ethnic group's "Zhong Family Tree" records: "making glutinous rice cakes, fighting officials, using wooden pestles as weapons." In the twelfth month of 1288, in the Liaoping area of Mahekou, where the Bai people live, Zhong Qianyi's eldest son Zhong Hansheng and his three brothers were making glutinous rice cakes. Several officials suddenly broke in and made trouble. The three Zhong brothers fought with the officers and soldiers, using wooden pestles as weapons, beating the officers and soldiers to pieces and fleeing in embarrassment. The officials never dared to cause trouble in Mahekou again. In order to celebrate this victory, Zhong Qianyi's descendants used wooden pestles as props to compose a dance, which is commonly known as the Bai ethnic group's drum dance. The second is to use performances as a basis to show art and culture to the brotherly ethnic groups. The Bai nationality's "Gu Family Tree" states: "Dancing with drums and performing martial arts routines, each move is vigorous, flexible and performative." In the third year after the Bai nationality's first ancestor moved to Laisang, ethnic dances such as the Tujia "Hand-waving Dance" and the Miao "Monkey Drum" were already popular. Gu Junwan and other ancestors decided to create the Baba Dance, and inserted martial arts routines and other moves into it, creating the Bai nationality's drum dance. Third, use competition as a driving force to create the characteristics of this ethnic dance. The Bai nationality's "Wang Family Tree" states: "Drum dance, many people dance to compete." It is said that the drum dance was created by Gu Yonghe, who was awarded the title of "Zhaowu General" by Ming Chengzu Zhu Di. He used the background of beating glutinous rice cakes and incorporated the martial arts movements in the army into the dance. Later, he won the first prize in the Tujia "June 6" art performance competition. To commemorate the victory, Gu Yonghe named this dance "Bai Nationality Drum Dance". Fourth, with the purpose of eliminating malaria, strengthen the characteristics of self-entertainment. According to legend, there was an evil dragon that often came out of the mountains to harm living beings. After three Bai earthworkers learned about it, they invited each other to kill the evil dragon and eat the dragon meat. However, the evil dragon meat caused evil in their stomachs, which was extremely unbearable. In order to eliminate the miasma, the three people used the peeled dragon skin to cover the long drum, and danced all night long to eliminate the miasma. Therefore, it is also called "Miasma Drum Dance". To this day, "Drum Dance" entertains both gods and people, and has been passed down from generation to generation and is deeply welcomed by the masses. Sangzhi Bai Drum Dance has experienced two major development periods: one is that the ancestors of the Bai people moved to Sangzhi to settle down. Due to their weak strength, the ancestors and their descendants worked hard to start a business while creating and developing drum dance, forming the prototype of the original Bai dance, the Bai Drum Dance. At that time, due to the small number of participants and few routines, the use of drum dance was limited. In the early Ming Dynasty, the population of the Bai people's settlements increased, and the drum dance developed. Many Bai artists with martial arts skills processed and choreographed the drum dance, gradually forming routines such as "32 Links" and "48 Flower Spears". The drum dance was widely used in large-scale folk activities such as parades. Second, in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, many people from other provinces fled the war and came to the outer half of Sangzhi County. In order to carry forward the dance created by their ancestors and establish their own dance brand, the descendants of the Bai people continued to improve and process it, forming a Bai drum dance with many routines, brisk rhythm, and rough and simple. The Sangzhi Bai drum dance is simple, bright, rough and generous. When dancing, the drum is used as a prop, and percussion instruments are mainly used. At the same time, the main melody is played with a transverse flute, accompanied by conch shells, trombones and suona. When accompanying the dance, the strong and weak beats are distinct. When the mood is high, the band and actors roar "oh, hello" to cheer. Dance characteristics There are many dance routines. The movements include "one two three", "three two one", "hard turn over", "lion sitting on the balcony", "wild cat playing with shrimp", "rabbit looking at the moon", "two dragons playing with pearls", "jade girl sweeping the floor", "32 links", "48 flower spears", etc., with a total of 9981 sets of moves. When jumping, the steps are "inverted T-step", but each group of three must stand on their own feet. Mixed with martial arts movements. There are many martial arts movements in the Sangzhi Bai people's drum dance, such as "Su Gong carrying a sword", "overlord scattering whips", "32 links", "48 flower spears", etc. These martial arts movements use drums as weapons, rushing left and right, strong and powerful, showing the strong power of drums. Percussion instruments are involved in the performance, including drums, cymbals, small gongs, flutes, suonas, trombones, etc. The music has a bright rhythm, is simple and beautiful, and is flexible and changeable. When the mood is high, it also roars "oh, hey", giving people a rough, exciting and simple beauty. In some large-scale civil and folk activities, props are not restricted. When people participate in the dance, they can use farm tools or daily utensils as props, such as sheep fork handles, fire tongs, and rice baskets, and dance to the beat, adding an old, simple, and primitive beauty to the drum dance. The Sangzhi Bai people's drum dance has a long history and rich connotations, and has always been loved by the Bai people. Together with the Tujia "hand-waving dance" and the Miao "monkey drum", it is known as the three artistic wonders of the ethnic minorities in western Hunan, and was selected into the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list of Hunan Province. Zhong Huilong Zhong Huilong Sangzhi Bai people's drum dance inheritor of the second batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage projects in Hunan Province, male, Bai nationality, born on May 20, 1930 in Yangjiayu, Maidiping, currently living in Yangjiayu group, Maidiping village, Maidiping Bai Nationality Township. Sangzhi Bai people's drum dance is also known as "Tiaobangzang". According to research, the drum dance was created by the ancestors of the Sangzhi Bai people who migrated in the late Southern Song Dynasty and their descendants. This dance is only owned by the Sangzhi Bai people in Hunan. The "Zhen Family Tree" of the Bai Nationality in Sangzhi states: "Zhen wizards compete with gods, blow horns, and dance with war drums"......more>>>Zhong HuilongZhong HuilongSangzhi Bai War and Drum DanceThe inheritor of the second batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage projects in Hunan Province, male, Bai nationality, was born in Yangjiayu, Maidiping on May 20, 1930, and currently lives in Yangjiayu Group, Maidiping Village, Maidiping Bai Nationality Township.Sangzhi Bai War and Drum Dance is also known as "Tiaobangzang". According to research, the war and drum dance was created by the ancestors of the Bai Nationality in Sangzhi and their descendants in the late Southern Song Dynasty. This dance is only owned by the Bai Nationality in Sangzhi, Hunan. The "Zhen Family Tree" of the Bai Nationality in Sangzhi states: "Zhen wizard, competing with gods, blowing horns, and dancing with war drums"......more>>>Zhong Huilong The second batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage projects of Hunan Province inheritor Zhong Huilong, male, Bai nationality, was born in Yangjiayu, Maidiping on May 20, 1930, and currently lives in Yangjiayu Village, Maidiping Village, Maidiping Bai Nationality Township. The Sangzhi Bai ethnic group's war drum dance is also known as "Tiaobangzang". According to research, the war drum dance was created by the ancestors of the Sangzhi Bai people who migrated to the Sangzhi area at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty and their descendants. This dance is only owned by the Bai people in Sangzhi, Hunan. The "Zhen Family Tree" of the Bai Nationality in Sangzhi states: "Zhen wizard, competing with gods, blowing horns, and dancing with war drums"......more>>>