The medicine market is a trading market held regularly in the concentrated distribution centers of traditional Chinese medicine with historical origins. There are more than 110 traditional Chinese medicine distribution centers formed in the past dynasties. Among them, the "four major medicine markets" of Anguo, Zhangshu, Baiquan and Yucheng have a wide influence across the country, with complete functions of collection, planting, processing and use, large distribution volume and active trading. The Medicine King Fair is a type of traditional temple fair that has appeared in the Tang Dynasty. The famous doctor Sun Simiao is the industry god of traditional Chinese medicine and is revered as the "Medicine King". In addition, there are other famous doctors in history who are worshipped as "Medicine Kings" in a certain region. The temple fair with the Medicine King as the main god of faith is called the "Medicine King Fair". Most of the famous medicine markets have developed from the Medicine King Fair, and some medicine markets originated from the market trade of medicinal materials. In addition to trading medicinal materials, each medicine market has formed its own trading rules, sacrificial rituals, opera performances, recreational activities and other medicine city customs, attracting the participation and appreciation of the general public other than traders, making the medicine market an influential local mass-place. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chinese medicinal materials trading activities had already appeared in Yuzhou, Henan. By the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, this kind of trading had formed a scale, and Yuzhou became one of the largest medicine markets in the country. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, under the advocacy of the government, the scale of the Yuzhou Medicine Fair was further expanded. Drug dealers from all over the country formed gangs and established medicine shops and post stations in Yuzhou, forming four major markets for Chinese medicinal materials, decoction pieces, pills and powders, and mountain products. By 1949, Yuzhou had 18 medicine shops, 41 medicine shops, 65 medicine sheds, and 22 Chinese medicine halls, with 1,487 employees, forming more than 20 trade associations. Each medicine gang also established many guild halls, among which the more famous ones were Shanxi Guild Hall, Huaibang Guild Hall, Jiangxi Guild Hall, and Thirteen Gang Guild Hall. Since then, Yuzhou has formed a relatively complete market category of Chinese medicine operation and management system, and on this basis has formed a unique local drug dealer culture. Yuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Trade Fair is one of the six major Chinese medicinal materials professional markets in the country approved by the Ministry of Health, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. Take the Yuzhou Medicine Fair in 2004 as an example, there were 450 drug dealers participating in the fair, with an annual transaction volume of 1 billion yuan. In recent years, due to the changes in the way of pharmaceutical transactions and the promotion and application of informatization, networking and e-commerce, the traditional way of trading medicinal materials in the Yuzhou Medicine Fair has been greatly impacted. It is hoped that relevant parties can take specific measures to provide necessary protection for this long-standing traditional medicine fair.