Haitou New Year Customs

Jiangsu
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Haitou New Year Customs is a folk custom item in the third batch of Lianyungang City's representative items of municipal intangible cultural heritage. Haizhou Bay Fishermen's New Year Customs is a comprehensive custom of traditional festival customs and fishermen's customs, which is mainly spread in the coastal areas of Haizhou Bay, especially in the coastal areas of Lianyungang. Its main contents are folk New Year customs, fishermen's sacrificial customs, and production and living customs during the Spring Festival. Haizhou Bay is located in the central coastal area of my country and is one of the six major fishing grounds in my country. It has been a gathering place for fishery production since the Qin and Han Dynasties. The surrounding fishermen have lived here for generations and formed their own unique local folk customs. Ganyu and Qinshan Island on the shore of Haizhou Bay face each other across the sea. According to legend, Qin Shihuang whipped stones to build roads during his eastern tour and created the Qinshan Divine Road. Xu Fu sailed east to Japan and never returned. In order to worship him, the local ancestors formed the custom of worshiping him in December every year, which continues to this day. It is difficult to verify the origin of Chinese New Year customs, but the formation and improvement of New Year customs is a gradual development process. Due to political and social reasons, New Year customs were interrupted for a period of time. However, some basic contents have been deeply rooted in the folks and are not suitable for change. They have been gradually preserved and passed down to the modern times. The time span covered by New Year customs is from the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month before the New Year to the 15th day of the first lunar month. During this period, the Chinese people celebrate the annual national festival Spring Festival. Whether they are urban citizens, rural farmers, fishermen, or salt farmers, they will more or less express their good wishes in the form they think is feasible, pray for happiness, and bless their families with peace. The New Year customs along the coast of Lianyungang in the Haizhou Bay area generally include the following aspects: Saying goodbye to the stove: The time is the morning of the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month. Generally, the portrait of the stove master bought at the market is posted on the stove, which is called "stove horse". Couplets are posted on both sides. The content is "Say good things to the heavens, and keep peace in the world", and the horizontal banner is "The head of the family". The food used for the stove worship includes three meat dishes of chicken and fish and two vegetarian dishes of tofu and vermicelli. After the dishes are arranged, firecrackers are set off first, and then paper money is slowly burned in front of the stove. The whole family kowtows three times in front of the stove, and while kowtowing, they pray, "Pray to the Kitchen God to say more good things in front of the Jade Emperor in heaven, and bless the whole family with peace and happiness!" Buying New Year's goods: The time is the early morning of the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month. Traditionally, the main New Year's goods purchased are cakes, chickens, fish, meat and eggs, and clothes, firecrackers, etc. are bought at the same time, depending on the needs of the family. Visiting the graves: The time for visiting the graves is generally the afternoon of the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month. Fishermen burn the New Year's goods they bought at home, put them in a wooden box and go to the graves of their ancestors to worship. The food for worship is also three meat dishes, two vegetables and steamed buns. Five wine glasses and five pairs of chopsticks are placed in front of the food. Finally, the cup of brewed tea is placed in the upper left corner. After everything is ready, firecrackers are set off, paper is burned, kowtows are kowtowed, and each dish is placed on the burned paper with chopsticks. A piece of each steamed bun is also broken and placed on the paper money. Finally, wine is sprinkled on it.

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