Xinjiang Quzi is a local folk art with a unique style, commonly known as "small quzi". It was conceived and formed in the late Qing Dynasty. After Shaanxi "quzi" (Yue tune), Lanzhou "guzi" (guzi tune), Qinghai "pingxian" (ping tune) and other folk songs from the northwest were introduced to Xinjiang, they were influenced by the Xinjiang Chinese dialect and integrated with the multi-ethnic music art of Xinjiang, gradually forming Xinjiang Quzi. This kind of folk art created and performed by Han, Hui, Xibe and other ethnic groups is mainly distributed in the eight counties and cities of Changji Prefecture along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang, Urumqi, Shihezi, Shawan, Yining, Huocheng, Chabuchaer, Hami and Balikun in eastern Xinjiang, and Yanqi in southern Xinjiang. Its performance form is that many people hold three-stringed harps, erhu, banhu and pengling, and sing in turns, with rich singing music. Xinjiang Quzi is the result of the fusion of multi-ethnic arts. It is deeply welcomed and loved by the masses. In the long-term inheritance and development, it has played an important role in the inheritance of traditional culture of various ethnic groups and the education of ethics and morality. The existence of Xinjiang Quzi strongly proves that Xinjiang has been jointly developed and constructed by people of all ethnic groups since ancient times, and the colorful culture and art here are also jointly created and developed by people of all ethnic groups. With the rapid development of social economy, the audience of Xinjiang Quzi has gradually decreased, and the living environment has become increasingly narrow. Some accomplished Quzi artists have gradually stopped their singing activities due to their advanced age. Some artists have passed away one after another, and the phenomenon of lack of successors has become increasingly obvious. Therefore, some singing and playing skills are difficult to be inherited. The endangered Xinjiang Quzi urgently needs to be rescued and protected.