Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text

The text related to the cultural heritage 'Vatican City' has mentioned 'Pope' in the following places:
Occurrence Sentence Text Source
[15] As governed by the Holy See, the Vatican City State is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state (a type of theocracy) ruled by the pope who is the bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church.
[citation needed] The Latin name is Status Civitatis Vaticanae;[21][22] this is used in official documents by the Holy See, the Church and the Pope.
A palace was constructed nearby as early as the 5th century during the pontificate of Pope Symmachus (reigned 498xe2x80x93514).
In 1870, the Pope's holdings were left in an uncertain situation when Rome itself was annexed by the Piedmont-led forces which had united the rest of Italy, after a nominal resistance by the papal forces.
Between 1861 and 1929 the status of the Pope was referred to as the "Roman Question".
John R. Morss writes in the European Journal of International Law that due to the terms of the Lateran Treaty, Vatican City's status as a sovereign state, and the Pope's status as a head of state, are problematic.
[59] In 1279, Pope Nicholas III (Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, 1277xe2x80x931280) moved his residence back to the Vatican from the Lateran Palace and enclosed this area with walls.
The pope exercises principal legislative, executive, and judicial power over the State of Vatican City (an entity distinct from the Holy See), which is a rare case of a non-hereditary monarchy.
The pope is the sovereign of the state.
Legislative authority is vested in the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, a body of cardinals appointed by the pope for five-year periods.
Nevertheless, the pope has absolute power in the executive, legislative, and judicial branches over Vatican City.
[62] As the ex officio xe2x80x9cPrincexe2x80x9d of Vatican City, the Pope is the only absolute monarch in Europe.
Main articles: Pope and President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
The Apostolic Palace (Palazzo Apostolico), the official residence of the Pope.
The Pope is ex officio head of state[68] of Vatican City since the 1860s, functions dependent on his primordial function as bishop of the diocese of Rome.
The term "Holy See" refers not to the Vatican state but to the Pope's spiritual and pastoral governance, largely exercised through the Roman Curia.
Its seven members are cardinals appointed by the Pope for terms of five years.
Acts of the commission must be approved by the Pope, through the Holy See's Secretariat of State, and before taking effect must be published in a special appendix of the Acta Apostolicae Sedis.
The Governorate consists of the President of the Pontifical Commissionxe2x80x94using the title "President of the Governorate of Vatican City"xe2x80x94a general secretary, and a Vice general secretary, each appointed by the Pope for five-year terms.
Important actions of the Governorate must be confirmed by the Pontifical Commission and by the Pope through the Secretariat of State.
The directors and officials of these offices are appointed by the Pope for five-year terms.
Vatican City has no armed forces of its own, although the Swiss Guard is a military corps of the Holy See responsible for the personal security of the Pope, and residents in the state.
Swiss mercenaries were historically recruited by Popes as part of an army for the Papal States, and the Pontifical Swiss Guard was founded by Pope Julius II on 22 January 1506 as the pope's personal bodyguard and continues to fulfill that function.
[72] The corps is responsible for security, public order, border control, traffic control, criminal investigation, and other general police duties in Vatican City including providing security for the Pope outside of Vatican City.
Vatican City population on 1 February 2019[9] Sex all Citizenship Vatican other Residency other Vatican City Pope 1 Cardinals 53 17 Diplomats 319 Swiss Guard 104 Others 124 207 Total 618 207 372 246 453 825 Vatican City population on 1 March 2011[94] Sex all male female Citizenship Vatican other Vatican other Vatican other Residency other Vatican City other Vatican City other Vatican City Pope 1 1 Cardinals 43 30 43 30 Diplomats 306 306 Swiss Guard 86 86 Other religious 50 197 49 102 1 95 Other lay 56 24 25 3 31 21 Total 572 221 540 105 32 116 349 223 349 191 32 444 296 148 793 645 148
[106] Pope John XXIII was the first Pope to make use of the railway; Pope John Paul II rarely used it.