Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park' has mentioned 'Cave' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng is noted for its cave and grotto systems as it is composed of 300 caves and grottos. | WIKI |
| A 2009 survey brought the total discovered length of the cave system to about 126xc2xa0km,[4] with many areas still not well explored. | WIKI |
| Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng Cave, which was discovered in the 2009 survey by British and Vietnamese explorers, is considered the largest cave in the world. | WIKI |
| Even before this discovery, Phong Nha held several world cave records, including the longest river as well as the largest combined caverns and passageways. | WIKI |
| [6] In April 2009, the world's largest cave, was re-discovered by a team of British cave explorers of the British Caving Association led by a local farmer named Ho Khanh. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 History of exploration 2 Geography 2.1 Location 2.2 Park layout 2.3 Climate 3 Geology 3.1 History of formation 3.2 Geological significance 3.3 Mounts and summits 3.4 Rivers and streams 4 Cave and grottos 4.1 Etymology 4.2 The Phong Nha Cave 4.3 Vxc3xb2m Cave systems 4.4 Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n Cave 4.5 Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng Cave 4.6 Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng Cave 4.7 Ruc Mon Cave 5 Biodiversity in the park 5.1 Florae 5.2 Fauna 6 Historical significance 7 Recognition by UNESCO 7.1 Nomination and recognition in 2003 7.2 Recognition for a second time 8 Tourist activities 9 Management issues 9.1 Management activities 9.2 Threats to biodiversity 9.3 Land management in adjacent areas 9.4 International funding 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External links | WIKI |
| Champa inscriptions carved on steles and altars in the cave demonstrate that people had inhabited the cave long before the area was annexed by Vietnam in the Nam tixe1xbaxbfn or southward expansion. | WIKI |
| This cave was depicted in 9 urns in the Citadel of the Nguyxe1xbbx85n Dynasty in Huxe1xbaxbf. | WIKI |
| [1] In 1824, The cave was conferred the title "Dixe1xbbx87u xe1xbbxa9ng chi thxe1xbaxa7n" (xe5xa6x99xe6x87x89xe4xb9x8bxe7xa5x9e) by King Minh Mxe1xbaxa1ng. | WIKI |
| [1][9] In 1935, a local inhabitant accidentally discovered a beautiful cave 1xc2xa0km from the mouth of Phong Nha cave, at an elevation of 200 meters. | WIKI |
| It was called Tien Son cave (lit. | WIKI |
| : Fairy-tale cave), or Dry cave because its inside landscape is similar to fairy-tales and it has no underground river. | WIKI |
| Inside Tien Son cave | WIKI |
| They completed research of a large part of Vom Cave. | WIKI |
| This time, this group completed their exploration of 7,729 m of Phong Nha Cave and 13,690 m of Vom Cave and adjacent caves and grottos. | WIKI |
| In 2005, scientists from the British Cave Research Association discovered a new cave and named it Paradise Cave (xc4x91xe1xbbx99ng Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng). | WIKI |
| The newly discovered cave was acclaimed by the British scientists as "the largest and the most beautiful cave in Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng area". | WIKI |
| In April 2009, a group of cave explorers from British Caving Association conducted survey in this park and adjacent areas. | WIKI |
| With these dimensions, Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng overtakes Deer Cave in Malaysia to take the title of the world's largest cave. | WIKI |
| [14][15][16] In this survey, the cave British explorers discovered 20 new caves with total length of 56xc2xa0km, including world's largest cave, Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng. | WIKI |
| Stalagmite in a cave in Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng National Park | WIKI |
| Besides the grotto and cave systems, Phong Nha has the longest underground river. | WIKI |
| Cave and grottos[edit] | WIKI |
| Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng is home to the largest cave in the world[19] and covers 300 different grottoes and caves. | WIKI |
| Before Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng Cave was found, Phong Nha Cave was regarded by British Caving Association as the top cave in the world due to its top four records: the longest underground river, the highest and longest cave, broadest and most beautiful fine sand beaches inside the caves, and the most spectacular stalagmites and stalactites. | WIKI |
| [5][20][21] In the survey conducted in April 2009, the British cave explorers discovered 20 new caves with total length of 56xc2xa0km, including world's largest cave Son Doong. | WIKI |
| The name Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng is composed of Phong Nha (cave) and Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng (limestone forest). | WIKI |
| Phong Nha is widely explained as originating from Hxc3xa1n Nxc3xb4m xe9xa3x8e xe7x89x99, which means wind-tooth (wind flowing from the cave and stalactites and stalagmites inside the cave looking like teeth). | WIKI |
| Other names for the Phong Nha cave include: Thxe1xbaxa7y Tixc3xaan cave, Thxe1xbaxa7y Mount, and Troxc3xb3c cave. | WIKI |
| This cave, from which the name to the whole system and the park is derived, is famous for its rock formations which have been given names such as the "Lion", the "Fairy Caves", the "Royal Court", and the "Buddha". | WIKI |
| This cave is 7729 m long, contains 14 grottos, with a 13,969 m-long underground river. | WIKI |
| The scientists have surveyed 44.5xc2xa0km of grottos in this cave so far, but tourists can only penetrate to a distance of 1500 m.[1] | WIKI |
| As one gets farther into the cave, the more illusory the stalactites and stalagmites look as they glitter when bright light is shone on them. | WIKI |
| The Son River flows into the mouth of the cave and keeps flowing underground, where it is referred to as the Nam Aki River, then this river emerges at a site 20xc2xa0km to the south near Pu Pha Dam Mountain. | WIKI |
| The Outer Cave and some of the Inner Caves have roofs that tower between 25 and 40 meters above the water level. | WIKI |
| The Shallow Cave is located 800 meters from the cave mouth, where there is a spectacular landscape of sand and rock. | WIKI |
| This cave is 5,258 m long and with a height of 83 m. The entry is high and wide with heavy forest around the cave mouth E Grotto (Hang E): a 736 m-long grotto accessible by the Hxe1xbbx93 Chxc3xad Minh trail Cha An Grotto (Hang Chxc3xa0 An): a 667 m-long grotto, with the width of 15 meters Thung Grotto (Hang Thung): This grotto has an underground river of 3351 m, with the height in some part exceed 133 . | WIKI |
| Vxc3xb2m Cave systems[edit] | WIKI |
| Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n Cave[edit] | WIKI |
| Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n cave | WIKI |
| Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n cave is located in Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng National Park. | WIKI |
| The cave was discovered by a local inhabitant by accident in 1935. | WIKI |
| The entry mouth of Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n is 1xc2xa0km from Phong Nha cave, at an altitude of 200 m. This cave is 980 m in length. | WIKI |
| A 10 m deep hole is situated 400 m from the entry mouth, then a 500 m long cave, dangerous for tourists and open to professional expeditionists only. | WIKI |
| Like Phong Nha cave, this cave features spectacular stalactites and stalagmites shaped like several fairy-tales. | WIKI |
| According to British cave scientists, Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n cave was created tens of million years ago when a water current holed this limestone mount in Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng. | WIKI |
| Following a series of landforms and movement of rocks, this mass was levered or lowered, blocking the current and creating what is now Tixc3xaan Sxc6xa1n cave while the underground river redirected its current to Phong Nha cave. | WIKI |
| Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng Cave[edit] | WIKI |
| Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng Cave | WIKI |
| Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng "Paradise" Cave is a newly found cave in this area. | WIKI |
| Prior to the discovery of Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng cave, it was regarded as the largest and longest cave in Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng. | WIKI |
| The cave was discovered by a local man in 2005. | WIKI |
| The first 5xc2xa0km of this cave was explored by explorers from the British Cave Research Association in 2005; later they in 2010 the whole 31xc2xa0km was explored and announced by the association. | WIKI |
| At 31xc2xa0km long, Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng cave is longer than Phong Nha cave, previously considered the longest cave in this national park. | WIKI |
| The British cave explorers was impressed by the beauty of the rock formation inside the cave, they named it "Paradise Cave" (Thixc3xaan xc4x90xc6xb0xe1xbbx9dng in Vietnamese). | WIKI |
| Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng Cave (in Vietnamese: Hang Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng, meaning Mountain River Cave) is a relatively recently discovered cave in the national park. | WIKI |
| Found by a local man and explored and publicly announced by the British cave scientists of the British Cave Research Association, it is regarded as the largest cave in the world. | WIKI |
| With these tremendous dimensions, Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng overtakes Deer Cave of Malaysia to take the title of world's largest cave. | WIKI |
| [35] Because the fast flowing underground river in the cave deterred the explorers from going farther, they were only able to estimate the length of the cave using a flashlight. | WIKI |
| The cave was found by a man named Hxe1xbbx93 Khanh in 1991. | WIKI |
| The local jungle men were afraid of the cave for the whistling sound it makes from the underground river. | WIKI |
| According to the Limberts, this cave is five times larger than the Phong Nha Cave, previously considered the biggest cave in Vietnam. | WIKI |
| With these dimensions, Sxc6xa1n xc4x90oxc3xb2ng overtook Deer Cave in Malaysia to take the title of the world's largest cave. | WIKI |
| Ruc Mon Cave[edit] | WIKI |
| Main article: Ruc Mon Cave | WIKI |
| Ruc Mon Cave, named after the indigenous people who made a home at the entrance until the 80s, was discovered in 2016 by a local man. | WIKI |
| The cave is 17xc2xa0km in length, with one entrance in Phong Nha-Kxe1xbaxbb Bxc3xa0ng National Park and the other at the border of Laos. | WIKI |
| This cave has the potential to be the second biggest cave in the world, following the first biggest cave also located in a Phong Nha. | WIKI |
| In 2017, the first tourists explored the cave, guided by the man who found it. | WIKI |
| One of over 300 caves in Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park, this cave is probably the least-explored of the many caves open to tourists. | WIKI |
| Greenland Tour company is the only company that offers access to the cave. | WIKI |
| The tours are led by the man who discovered the cave. | WIKI |
| In the early 20th century, cave explorers and researchers from France and the UK discovered several ancient Champa and Vietnamese relics, such as altar, steles, hieroglyphic script, sculptures, stone statues, Buddha statues, and Chinese artifacts. | WIKI |
| Tour for expedition of caves and grottos in boats and with professional cave expedition means. | WIKI |
| This tour sites have been surveyed and included in local travel agents besides cave exploration tour. | WIKI |
| The karst formation process has led to the creation of not only underground rivers but also a variety of cave types including: dry caves, terraced caves, suspended caves, dendritic caves and intersecting caves. | UNESCO |
| With a length of over 44.5 km the Phong Nha cave is the most famous of the system with tour boats able to penetrate inside to a distance of 1,500 m. The Son Doong Cave, first explored in 2009, is believed to contain the worldxe2x80x99s largest cave passage in terms of diameter and continuity. | UNESCO |
| The Son Doong Cave, first explored in 2009, could contain the worldxe2x80x99s largest cave passage in terms of diameter and continuity. | UNESCO |
| Its cave ecosystems and habitats are unique with high levels of endemism and adaptations displayed by cave-dependent species. | UNESCO |
| The level of endemism is high, especially in the cave systems. | UNESCO |
| Several new species to science have recently been found, including cave scorpions, fish, lizards, snakes and turtles, and more species are likely to be discovered. | UNESCO |
| Cave conservation and the provision of a tourism service are the responsibility of the Cultural and Ecological Tourist Centre under the Management Board. | UNESCO |