Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Megalithic Temples of Malta' has mentioned 'Temple' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| [4][5] This led to the building of several temples of the xc4xa0gantija phase (3600xe2x80x933000 BC), culminating in the large Tarxien temple complex, which remained in use until 2500 BC. | WIKI |
| [8] In 1992, the UNESCO Committee further extended the existing listing to include five other megalithic temple sites. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2.1 Dates 2.2 Temple phases 2.2.1 xc4xa0gantija phase (3600xe2x80x933200 BC) 2.2.2 Saflieni phase (3300xe2x80x933000 BC) 2.2.3 Tarxien phase (3150xe2x80x932500 BC) 3 Architecture and construction 4 UNESCO sites 4.1 xc4xa0gantija 4.2 Ta' xc4xa6axc4xa1rat 4.3 Skorba 4.4 xc4xa6axc4xa1ar Qim 4.5 Mnajdra 4.6 Tarxien 5 Other sites 6 See also 7 References 8 External links | WIKI |
| Charcoal found on site at Skorba was crucial in dating the Maltese Temple phases. | WIKI |
| The main problem found is that the sites themselves are evolutionary in nature, in that each successive temple brought with it further refinement to architectural development. | WIKI |
| [19][20] A theory that the temple art was connected with an Aegean-derived culture collapsed with this proof of the temples' elder origins. | WIKI |
| Temple phases[edit] | WIKI |
| e xc2xa0hMaltese prehistoric chronology (Based on recalibrated radiocarbon dating) Period Phase Dates BC c. Neolithic (5000-4100 BC) Gxc4xa7ar Dalam 5000-4500 BC Grey Skorba 4500-4400 BC Red Skorba 4400-4100 BC Temple Period (4100xe2x80x932500 BC) xc5xbbebbuxc4xa1 4100xe2x80x933800 BC Mxc4xa1arr 3800-3600 BC xc4xa0gantija 3600-3000 BC Saflieni 3300-3000 BC Tarxien 3000-2500 BC Bronze Age (2500xe2x80x93700 BC) Tarxien Cemetery 2500xe2x80x931500 BC Borxc4xa1 in-Nadur 1500xe2x80x93700 BC Baxc4xa7rija 900xe2x80x93700 BC | WIKI |
| The Temple period, from c. 4100 BC to roughly 2500 BC, produced the most notable monumental remains. | WIKI |
| An altar in the Tarxien temple complex | WIKI |
| The Tarxien phase marks the peak of the temple civilisation. | WIKI |
| To it belong the last two stages in the development of the temple plan. | WIKI |
| The western temple at xc4xa0gantija represents, along with other units in Tarxien, xc4xa6axc4xa1ar Qim and L-Imnajdra, the penultimate stage in development, that is, the introduction of a shallow niche instead of an apse at the far end of the temple. | WIKI |
| The final stage is testified in only one temple, the central unit at Tarxien, with its three symmetrical pairs of apses. | WIKI |
| [26] The Temple culture reached its climax in this period, both in terms of the craftsmanship of pottery, as well as in sculptural decoration, both free-standing and in relief. | WIKI |
| Part of the Kordin III Temple site, with a two-apse design | WIKI |
| The Maltese temple complexes were built in different locations, and over a wide span of years; while each individual site has its unique characteristics, they all share a common architecture. | WIKI |
| In one case, at the Tarxien central temple, the fifth apse or niche is replaced by a further passage, leading to a final pair of apses, making six in all. | WIKI |
| [35] With the standard temple plan, found in some thirty temples across the islands, there is a certain amount of variation both in the number of apses, and in the overall lengthxe2x80x94ranging from 6.5m in the Mnajdra east temple to 23m in the six-apsed Tarxien central temple. | WIKI |
| [44] The plan of the temple incorporates five large apses, with traces of the plaster that once covered the irregular wall still clinging between the blocks. | WIKI |
| [46] The remains consist of a double temple, made up of two adjacent complexes, both in the shape of a trefoil. | WIKI |
| [52] East of this temple, a second monument was added in the Tarxien phase, with four apses and a central niche. | WIKI |
| The forecourt of xc4xa6axc4xa1ar Qim temple | WIKI |
| [56] Its builders used the soft globigerina limestone that caps the ridge to construct the temple. | WIKI |
| Here the temple has suffered from severe weathering and surface flaking over the centuries. | WIKI |
| The temple's faxc3xa7ade is typical, with a trilithon entrance, a bench and orthostats. | WIKI |
| [64] Then there is a small trefoil temple, dating from the xc4xa0gantija phase, with pitted decorations. | WIKI |
| [31] The middle temple was actually the last to be built, inserted between the others in the Tarxien phase, after 3100 BC. | WIKI |
| The third temple, built early in the Tarxien phase and so second in date, opens on the court at a lower level. | WIKI |
| The southern temple is oriented astronomically aligned with the rising sun during solstices and equinoxes; during the summer solstice the first rays of sunlight light up the edge of a decorated megalith between the first apses, while during the winter solstice the same effect occurs on a megalith in the opposite apse. | WIKI |
| The Tarxien temple complex is found some 400 metres to the east of the Hypogeum of xc4xa6al-Saflieni. | WIKI |
| [70] Unlike the other sites, this temple is bounded on all sides by modern urban development; however, this does not detract from its value. | WIKI |
| One enters into the first great forecourt of the southern temple, marked by its rounded faxc3xa7ade and a cistern, which is attributed to the temple. | WIKI |
| [71] The earliest temple to the north-east was built between 3600 and 3200 BC; it consisted of two parallel sets of semi-circular apses, with a passage in the middle. | WIKI |
| The second one has three parallel semi-circular apses, connected by a large passage; the third one has two parallel sets of apses with a passage in a direction parallel to that of the first temple. | WIKI |
| The first temple is solidly built with large stones, of which some are roughly dressed. | WIKI |
| [76] The third temple has a carelessly-built frame, but most of its standing stones are richly decorated with carved patterns. | WIKI |
| Apart from these, cart ruts were found at Misraxc4xa7 Gxc4xa7ar il-Kbir, but these may or may not date from the temple period. | WIKI |
| A submerged site known as xc4xa0ebel xc4xa1ol-Baxc4xa7ar possibly exists off the coast of Malta, but it is not proven to be a megalithic temple. | WIKI |
| The temple builders used locally available stone of which they had a thorough knowledge. | UNESCO |
| Each temple is protected by a buffer zone. | UNESCO |
| A Management Plan has been drawn up for the inscribed property, which covers each temple and its buffer zone. | UNESCO |