Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Group of Monuments at Hampi' has mentioned 'Temple' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| [3][9] Hampi continues to be an important religious centre, housing the Virupaksha Temple, an active Adi Shankara-linked monastery and various monuments belonging to the old city. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Location 1.1 Ancient to 14th century CE 1.2 14th century and after 1.3 Archaeological site 2 Description 2.1 Hindu monuments 2.1.1 Virupaksha temple and market complex 2.1.2 Krishna temple, market, Narasimha and linga 2.1.3 Achyutaraya temple and market complex 2.1.4 Vitthala temple and market complex 2.1.5 Hemakuta hill monuments 2.1.6 Hazara Rama temple 2.1.7 Kodandarama temple and riverside monuments 2.1.8 Pattabhirama temple complex 2.1.9 Mahanavami platform, public square complex 2.1.10 Water infrastructure 2.1.11 Fountains and community kitchen 2.1.12 Elephant stables and enclosure 2.1.13 Other Hindu temples and monuments 2.2 Jain monuments 2.2.1 Ganagitti temple complex 2.2.2 Other Jain temples and monuments 2.3 Muslim monuments 2.3.1 Ahmad Khan mosque and tomb 3 Reception 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 6.1 Bibliography 7 External links | WIKI |
| By the 10th century, it had become a centre of religious and educational activities during the rule of the Hindu kings Kalyana Chalukyas, whose inscriptions state that the kings made land grants to the Virupaksha temple. | WIKI |
| [18][21] According to Burton Stein, the Hoysala-period inscriptions call Hampi by alternate names such as Virupakshapattana, Vijaya Virupakshapura in honour of the old Virupaksha (Shiva) temple there. | WIKI |
| The Garuda stone chariot and Vitthala temple gopuram in 1856 (left) and 2016. | WIKI |
| [51] It also included elements of the arts that developed during the Hoysala Empire rule in the south between the 11th and 14th century such as in the pillars of Ramachandra temple and ceilings of some of the Virupaksha temple complex. | WIKI |
| Virupaksha temple at Hampi Ruins of Vijaya Vithala Temple Virupaksha Temple | WIKI |
| Virupaksha temple and market complex[edit] | WIKI |
| The Virupaksha temple is the oldest shrine, the principal destination for pilgrims and tourists, and remains an active Hindu worship site. | WIKI |
| [55] The temple is a collection of smaller temples, a regularly repainted, 50-metre (160xc2xa0ft) high gopuram, a Hindu monastery dedicated to Vidyaranya of Advaita Vedanta tradition, a water tank (Manmatha), a community kitchen, other monuments and a 750 metres (2,460xc2xa0ft)-long ruined stone market with a monolithic Nandi shrine on the east end. | WIKI |
| The temple faces eastwards, aligning the sanctums of the Shiva and Pampa Devi temples to the sunrise; a large gopuram marks its entrance. | WIKI |
| The courtyard after the small gopuram leads to the main mandapa of the Shiva temple, which consists of the original square mandapa and a rectangular extension composed of two fused squares and sixteen piers built by Krishnadevaraya. | WIKI |
| The sanctum of the temple has a mukha-linga; a Shiva linga with a face embossed with brass. | WIKI |
| [65] The Virupaksha temple also has smaller shrines for two aspects of Parvati-Pampa and Bhuvaneshwari to the north of the main sanctum. | WIKI |
| Robinson, who sought to restore the Virupaksha temple complex; whitewashing of this cluster of historic monuments has continued as a tradition. | WIKI |
| According to local tradition, the Virupaksha is the only temple that continued to be a gathering place of Hindus and frequented by pilgrims after the destruction of Hampi in 1565. | WIKI |
| The temple attracts large crowds; an annual fxc3xaate with a chariot procession to mark the marriage of Virupaksha and Pampa is held in spring, as is the solemn festival of Maha Shivaratri. | WIKI |
| [58] The temple has attracted criticism from tourists for its treatment of resident elephant, Lakshmi, who lives at the back of the temple in a narrow alleyway. | WIKI |
| Krishna temple, market, Narasimha and linga[edit] | WIKI |
| The ruins of Krishna Temple | WIKI |
| The Krishna temple, also called Balakrishna temple, on the other side of Hemakuta hill, is about 1 kilometre (0.62xc2xa0mi) south of Virupaksha temple. | WIKI |
| [70] In front of the ruined temple is a long market street, also referred to locally as the bazaar. | WIKI |
| The temple opens to the east; it has a gateway with reliefs of all ten avatars of Vishnu starting with Matsya at the bottom. | WIKI |
| Inside is the ruined temple for Krishna and small, ruined shrines for goddesses. | WIKI |
| [70] The temple compound is layered into mandapas, including an outer and an inner enclosure. | WIKI |
| South of the Krishna temple's exterior are two adjacent shrines, one containing the largest monolithic Shiva Linga and the other with the largest monolithic Yoga-Narasimha avatar of Vishnu in Hampi. | WIKI |
| Left: Achyutaraya temple ruins; Right: market in front of the temple ruins. | WIKI |
| Achyutaraya temple and market complex[edit] | WIKI |
| The Achyutaraya temple, also called the Tiruvengalanatha temple, is about 1 kilometre (0.62xc2xa0mi) east of Virupaksha temple and a part of its sacred centre is close to the Tungabhadra River. | WIKI |
| [72] The temple is unusual because it faced north. | WIKI |
| [73] In Vijayanagara times, the temple was traditionally approached from the river, first past a ceremonial tank then along the market street with a broad road. | WIKI |
| The temple had an outer gopuram leading into a courtyard with a 100-column hall and an inner gopuram leading to the Vishnu temple. | WIKI |
| The temple gateway shows the Vijayanagara dynastic emblems; a boar from Varaha, a sword, the sun and the moon. | WIKI |
| The temple and the market street are ruined but their layout suggests it was a major market with streets provided for chariot traffic. | WIKI |
| Vitthala temple and market complex[edit] | WIKI |
| Vitthala temple gopuram and market. | WIKI |
| The Vitthala temple and market complex is over 3 kilometres (1.9xc2xa0mi) north-east of the Virupaksha temple near the banks of the Tungabhadra River. | WIKI |
| It is unclear when the temple complex was built, and who built it; most scholars date it to a period of construction in the early-to-mid-16th century. | WIKI |
| The temple was dedicated to Vitthala, a form of Krishna also called Vithoba. | WIKI |
| [79] The temple opens to the east, has a square plan and features an entrance gopuram with two side gopurams. | WIKI |
| The main temple stands in the middle of a paved courtyard and several subsidiary shrines, all aligned to the east. | WIKI |
| [79] The temple is a unified structure in a courtyard measuring 500 by 300 feet which is surrounded by a triple row of pillars. | WIKI |
| The temple has three distinct compartments: a garbhagriha, an ardhamandapa and a mahamandapa (or sabha mandapa). | WIKI |
| The Garuda shrine in the form of stone chariot at Vitthala temple. | WIKI |
| The Vitthala temple has a Garuda shrine in the form of a stone chariot in the courtyard; it is an often-pictured symbol of Hampi. | WIKI |
| [79] The mandapa has four sections, two of which are aligned with the temple sanctum. | WIKI |
| [81][82] It is classified as Karakkoil, a temple fashioned after temple chariots which are taken in procession around the temple during festivals. | WIKI |
| Outside the temple compound, to its east-south-east, is a colonnaded market street almost one kilometre (0.62xc2xa0mi) long; all of which is now in ruins. | WIKI |
| The north street ended in a temple honouring the Hindu philosopher Ramanuja. | WIKI |
| [79][60] The region around the Vitthala temple was called Vitthalapura. | WIKI |
| The Hemakuta hill lies between the Virupaksha temple complex to the north and the Krishna temple to the south. | WIKI |
| [88] Two temple groups in this style look similar; each has a triple vimana consisting of square sanctums with each set connected to its own shared square mandapa. | WIKI |
| It may also have been the template for the original Virupaksha temple, which was later greatly expanded with gopuram, mandala and other additions. | WIKI |
| The Sasivekalu Ganesha, named after Ganesha's mustard seed-shaped belly, is near the Krishna temple south-west of the Kadalekalu Ganesha. | WIKI |
| Hazara Rama temple[edit] | WIKI |
| Left: Hazara Rama temple; Right: pillars inside | WIKI |
| The Hazara Rama temple, referred to as the Ramachandra temple in inscriptions, occupied the western part of the urban core in the royal centre section of Hampi. | WIKI |
| This temple was dedicated to Rama of the Ramayana fame, and an avatar of Vishnu. | WIKI |
| It was the ceremonial temple for the royal family. | WIKI |
| The temple is dated to the early 15th century and is attributed to Devaraya I. | WIKI |
| [92] The temple's outer walls portray the Hindu Mahanavami (Dasara) and the spring Holi festival procession and celebrations in parallel bands of artwork. | WIKI |
| Left: Outer walls of the Hazara Rama temple show Hindu festive procession; Right: Jain tirthankar relief inside the temple. | WIKI |
| The inner walls of the temple has friezes containing the most extensive narration of the Hindu epic Ramayana. | WIKI |
| [95][92] The temple has an entrance mandapa and a yajna ceremony hall, whose ceiling is designed to ventilate fumes and smoke through the roof. | WIKI |
| The temple has a smaller shrine with friezes depicting the legends of Vishnu avatars. | WIKI |
| This ruined temple complex is well known for its thousands of carvings and inscriptions, its elaborate frescoes depicting Hindu theosophy and its sprawling courtyard laid with gardens. | WIKI |
| Kodandarama temple and riverside monuments[edit] | WIKI |
| The Kodandarama temple complex lies near the Tungabhadra River, and is north of Achyutaraya temple. | WIKI |
| The temple overlooks Chakratirtha, where the Tungabhadra turns northwards towards the Himalayas. | WIKI |
| In front of the temple is a dipa stambha (lighting pillar) under a Pipal tree, and inside is a sanctum dedicated to Rama, Sita, Lakshmana and Hanuman. | WIKI |
| Pattabhirama temple complex[edit] | WIKI |
| The Pattabhirama temple complex is in the southern suburban centre outside the sacred centre and the urban core, about 500 metres (550xc2xa0yd) from the ASI Hampi museum. | WIKI |
| [98] The complex has a main temple, a colonnaded courtyard inside an enclosure and a 64 (8x8 square)-pillared and roofed mandapa in front of the sanctum. | WIKI |
| The Pattabhirama temple included a 100-pillared hallxe2x80x94likely a feeding hallxe2x80x94attached to the southern wall of the enclosed compound. | WIKI |
| The Vijayanagara empire built an extensive water infrastructure,[108][110] some examples of whichxe2x80x94including the Manmatha tank near Virupaksha temple, which is dated to about the 9th centuryxe2x80x94predates the Vijayanagara. | WIKI |
| Its basement and pyramidal towers are based on Hindu temple architecture. | WIKI |
| In the sacred centre near the southern banks of the Tungabhadra River and close to the Vitthala temple complex, are gateways and a monument now called the King's Balance. | WIKI |
| Another such gate is found on the north-east road to Talarighat Hindu monument and the Vitthala temple. | WIKI |
| [8] Other significant monuments include a temple near the octagonal bath for Saraswati, a Hindu goddess of knowledge and music; a temple in the suburbs for Ananthasayana Vishnu; an Uddana Virbhadra temple for Shiva and Vishnu; a shrine for Kali, the fierce form of Durga unusually shown holding a ball of rice and a ladle;[127] an underground temple in the royal centre; a Sugriva cave temple;[128] the Matanga hill monuments; the Purandaradasa temple dedicated to the scholar-musician famed for the Carnatic music tradition; the Chandrashekhara temple for Shiva near the Queen's bath monument; and the Malyavanta hill dedicated to Rama-Sita-Lakshmana and Shiva. | WIKI |
| The Malyavanta hill features several shrines including the Raghunatha temple and a row of Shiva lingas carved in stone. | WIKI |
| Ganagitti temple complex[edit] | WIKI |
| [125] The temple faced north; it is dated to 1385 CE, during the rule of Hindu king Harihara II, based on an inscription in the temple. | WIKI |
| Other monuments in the temple compound are in ruins. | WIKI |
| One north-facing temple is dedicated to Parshvanatha Tirthankara. | WIKI |
| It was built by King Devaraya II and dates to 1426 CE, per an inscription in the temple. | WIKI |
| In front of the temple are two ruined temples; one of Shiva and the other dedicated to Mahavira. | WIKI |
| Among these, the Krishna temple complex, Narasimha, Ganesa, Hemakuta group of temples, Achyutaraya temple complex, Vitthala temple complex, Pattabhirama temple complex, Lotus Mahal complex, can be highlighted. | UNESCO |
| Suburban townships (puras) surrounded the large Dravidian temple complexes containing subsidiary shrines, bazaars, residential areas and tanks applying the unique hydraulic technologies and skilfully and harmoniously integrating the town and defence architecture with surrounding landscape. | UNESCO |
| The Vitthla temple is the most exquisitely ornate structure on the site and represents the culmination of Vijayanagara temple architecture. | UNESCO |
| It is a fully developed temple with associated buildings like Kalyana Mandapa and Utsava Mandapa within a cloistered enclosure pierced with three entrance Gopurams. | UNESCO |
| The stone chariot in front of the temple is also testimony to its religious ritual. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (i): xc2xa0xc2xa0xc2xa0xc2xa0xc2xa0xc2xa0xc2xa0 The remarkable integration between the planned and defended city of Hampi with its exemplary temple architecture and its spectacular natural settingxc2xa0 represent a unique artistic creation. | UNESCO |
| However, the destruction by the battle of Talikota and the passage of time have led to some of the original functions and traditions becoming obsolete and altered, while several are in continuum forming an integral part of the site like festivals, temple rituals, pilgrimage, agriculture, etc. | UNESCO |
| The Virupaksha temple is in constant worship, this has led to many additions and alterations to different parts of temple complex. | UNESCO |
| Similarly, the haphazard growth of modern shops, restaurants in and around it and its bazaar that caters to religious and social tourists has impacted adversely on its setting as has the asphalting of the roads over the ancient pathway in front of the Virupaksha temple. | UNESCO |