Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Great Zimbabwe National Monument' has mentioned 'Trade' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Contents 1 Name 2 Description 2.1 Settlement 2.2 Construction and growth 2.3 Features of the ruins 2.4 Notable artefacts 2.5 Trade 2.6 Decline 3 History of research and origins of the ruins 3.1 From Portuguese traders to Karl Mauch 3.2 Karl Mauch and the Queen of Sheba 3.3 Carl Peters and Theodore Bent 3.4 The Lemba 3.5 David Randall-MacIver and medieval origin 3.6 Gertrude Caton-Thompson 3.7 Post-1945 research 3.8 Gokomere 3.9 Recent research 3.10 Damage to the ruins 4 Political implications 5 The Great Zimbabwe University 6 Gallery 7 See also 8 Notes 9 Sources 10 External links | WIKI |
| [26][27] Glass beads and porcelain from China and Persia[28] among other foreign artefacts were also found, attesting the international trade linkages of the Kingdom. | WIKI |
| Trade[edit] | WIKI |
| Archaeological evidence suggests that Great Zimbabwe became a centre for trading, with artefacts[30] suggesting that the city formed part of a trade network linked to Kilwa[31] and extending as far as China. | WIKI |
| [32] This international trade was mainly in gold and ivory; some estimates indicate that more than 20 million ounces of gold were extracted from the ground. | WIKI |
| [33] That international commerce was in addition to the local agricultural trade, in which cattle were especially important. | WIKI |
| Despite these strong international trade links, there is no evidence to suggest exchange of architectural concepts between Great Zimbabwe and centres such as Kilwa. | WIKI |
| Causes for the decline and ultimate abandonment of the site around 1450 have been suggested as due to a decline in trade compared to sites further north, the exhaustion of the gold mines, political instability and famine and water shortages induced by climatic change. | WIKI |
| [39][40] Portuguese traders heard about the remains of the ancient city in the early 16th century, and records survive of interviews and notes made by some of them, linking Great Zimbabwe to gold production and long-distance trade. | WIKI |
| More recent archaeological work has been carried out by Peter Garlake, who has produced the comprehensive descriptions of the site,[83][84][85] David Beach[2][86][87] and Thomas Huffman,[71][88] who have worked on the chronology and development of Great Zimbabwe and Gilbert Pwiti, who has published extensively on trade links. | WIKI |
| Archaeological excavations have revealed glass beads and porcelain from China and Persia, and gold and Arab coins from Kilwa which testify to the extent of long-standing trade with the outer world. | UNESCO |