Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Great Zimbabwe National Monument' has mentioned 'Gold' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| [15] Its growth has been linked to the decline of Mapungubwe from around 1300, due to climatic change[16] or the greater availability of gold in the hinterland of Great Zimbabwe. | WIKI |
| Among the gold mines of the inland plains between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers there is a fortress built of stones of marvelous size, and there appears to be no mortar joining them.... | WIKI |
| [24] Other artefacts include soapstone figurines (one of which is in the British Museum[25]), pottery, iron gongs, elaborately worked ivory, iron and copper wire, iron hoes, bronze spearheads, copper ingots and crucibles, and gold beads, bracelets, pendants and sheaths. | WIKI |
| [32] This international trade was mainly in gold and ivory; some estimates indicate that more than 20 million ounces of gold were extracted from the ground. | WIKI |
| Causes for the decline and ultimate abandonment of the site around 1450 have been suggested as due to a decline in trade compared to sites further north, the exhaustion of the gold mines, political instability and famine and water shortages induced by climatic change. | WIKI |
| [39][40] Portuguese traders heard about the remains of the ancient city in the early 16th century, and records survive of interviews and notes made by some of them, linking Great Zimbabwe to gold production and long-distance trade. | WIKI |
| Additionally, with regard to the purpose of the Great Zimbabwe ruins, de Barros asserted that: "in the opinion of the Moors who saw it [Great Zimbabwe] it is very ancient and was built to keep possessions of the mines, which are very old, and no gold has been extracted from them for years, because of the wars... it would seem that some prince who has possession of these mines ordered it to be built as a sign thereof, which he afterwards lost in the course of time and through their being so remote from his kingdom...". | WIKI |
| Flinders Petrie examined it and identified a cartouche on its chest as belonging to the 18th Dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Thutmose III and suggested that it was a statuette of the king and cited it as proof of commercial ties between rulers in the area and the ancient Egyptians during the New Kingdom (c. 1550 BCxe2x80x931077 BC), if not a relic of an old Egyptian station near the local gold mines. | WIKI |
| Both explorers were told that the stone edifices and the gold mines were constructed by a people known as the BaLemba. | WIKI |
| Some further test trenches were then put down outside the lower Great Enclosure and in the Valley Ruins, which unearthed domestic ironwork, glass beads, and a gold bracelet. | WIKI |
| The removal of gold and artefacts in amateurist diggings by early colonial antiquarians caused widespread damage,[41] notably diggings by Richard Nicklin Hall. | WIKI |
| [50] More extensive damage was caused by the mining of some of the ruins for gold. | WIKI |
| Archaeological excavations have revealed glass beads and porcelain from China and Persia, and gold and Arab coins from Kilwa which testify to the extent of long-standing trade with the outer world. | UNESCO |