Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Great Smoky Mountains National Park' has mentioned 'Park' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Great Smoky Mountains National ParkIUCN category II (national park)[1]View from Mount Le ConteLocation on the Tennessee and North Carolina borderShow map of TennesseeLocation in the United StatesShow map of the United StatesLocationSwain & Haywood counties in North Carolina; Sevier, Blount, & Cocke counties in Tennessee, United StatesNearestxc2xa0cityCherokee, North Carolina, Townsend, Tennessee and Gatlinburg, TennesseeCoordinates35xc2xb036xe2x80xb2N 83xc2xb031xe2x80xb2Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf35.600xc2xb0N 83.517xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 35.600; -83.517Coordinates: 35xc2xb036xe2x80xb2N 83xc2xb031xe2x80xb2Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf35.600xc2xb0N 83.517xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 35.600; -83.517[2]Area522,419 acres (2,114.15xc2xa0km2)[3]Visitors12,095,720 (inxc2xa02020)[4]Governingxc2xa0bodyNational Park ServiceWebsiteGreat Smoky Mountains National Park UNESCO World Heritage SiteCriteriaNatural: vii, viii, ix, xReference259Inscription1983 (7th session) | WIKI |
| The park straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains, which are a division of the larger Appalachian Mountain chain. | WIKI |
| The park contains some of the highest mountains in eastern North America, including Clingmans Dome, Mount Guyot, and Mount Le Conte. | WIKI |
| The border between the two states runs northeast to southwest through the center of the park. | WIKI |
| The Appalachian Trail passes through the center of the park on its route from Georgia to Maine. | WIKI |
| Map Highlighting the Park's Boundaries | WIKI |
| The park encompasses 522,419 acres (816.28xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi; 211,415.47xc2xa0ha; 2,114.15xc2xa0km2), making it one of the largest protected areas in the eastern United States. | WIKI |
| [3] The main park entrances are located along U.S. Highway 441 (Newfound Gap Road) in the towns of Gatlinburg, Tennessee and Cherokee, North Carolina, and also in Townsend, Tennessee. | WIKI |
| The park is internationally recognized for its mountains, waterfalls, biodiversity, and spruce-fir forests. | WIKI |
| [6] In addition, the park also preserves multiple historical structures that were part of communities occupied by early European-American settlers of the area. | WIKI |
| The park was chartered by the United States Congress in 1934, and officially dedicated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940. | WIKI |
| [8] The park was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, and an International Biosphere Reserve in 1988. | WIKI |
| As the most visited national park in the United States, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park anchors a large tourism industry based in Sevier County, Tennessee adjacent to the park. | WIKI |
| Tourism to the park contributes an estimated $2.5 billion annually into the local economy. | WIKI |
| Their descendants make up most of the federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, based in Cherokee, North Carolina, and their Qualla Boundary reserve to the south of the park. | WIKI |
| The U.S. National Park Service wanted a park in the eastern United States, but did not have much money to establish one. | WIKI |
| Congress authorized the park in 1926, but there was no nucleus of federally owned land around which to develop it. | WIKI |
| John D. Rockefeller, Jr. contributed $5 million, the U.S. government added $2 million, and private citizens from Tennessee and North Carolina pitched in to assemble the land for the park, piece by piece. | WIKI |
| Farms and timbering operations were abolished to establish the protected areas of the park. | WIKI |
| Travel writer Horace Kephart, for whom Mount Kephart was named, and photographers Jim Thompson and George Masa were instrumental in fostering the development of the park. | WIKI |
| [8][12] Former Governor Ben W. Hooper of Tennessee was the principal land purchasing agent for the park,[13] which was officially established on June 15, 1934. | WIKI |
| During the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration, and other federal organizations hired workers to build trails, fire watchtowers, and other infrastructure improvements to the park and Smoky Mountains. | WIKI |
| The park was used for filming scenes of Disney's hit 1950s TV series Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier. | WIKI |
| This park was designated an International Biosphere Reserve in 1976, was certified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, and became a part of the Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve in 1988. | WIKI |
| Among those in attendance were the four U.S. senators from Tennessee and North Carolina, the three US Representatives whose districts include the park, the governors of both states, and Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar. | WIKI |
| In late November and early December 2016, a series of wildfires engulfed a total of 17,900 acres (72xc2xa0km2) in the park and surrounding areas. | WIKI |
| He is the 16th superintendent of the park. | WIKI |
| Early Precambrian rocks are not only the oldest rocks in the park but also the dominant rock type in sites such as the Raven Fork Valley and upper Tuckasegee River between Cherokee and Bryson City. | WIKI |
| Elevations in the park range from about 875 feet (267xc2xa0m) to 6,643 feet (2,025xc2xa0m) at the summit of Clingmans Dome. | WIKI |
| Within the park a total of sixteen mountains reach higher than 5,000 feet (1,520xc2xa0m). | WIKI |
| Plants and animals common in the country's Northeast have found suitable ecological niches in the park's higher elevations, while southern species find homes in the balmier lower reaches. | WIKI |
| The park is affected by air pollution because of increased development. | WIKI |
| From 1999 to 2003, the park recorded approximately 150 unhealthy air days, the equivalent of about one month of unhealthy air days per year. | WIKI |
| The park is almost 95 percent forested, and almost 36 percent of it, 187,000 acres (76,000xc2xa0ha), is estimated by the Park Service to be old growth forest with many trees that predate European settlement of the area. | WIKI |
| The variety of elevations, the abundant rainfall, and the presence of old growth forests give the park an unusual richness of biota. | WIKI |
| About 19,000 species of organisms are known to live in the park, and estimates as high as an additional 100,000 undocumented species may also be present. | WIKI |
| Park officials count more than 200 species of birds, 50 species of fish, 39 species of reptiles, and 43 species of amphibians, including many lungless salamanders. | WIKI |
| The park has a noteworthy black bear population, numbering about 1,500. | WIKI |
| [38] Elk (wapiti) were reintroduced to the park in 2001. | WIKI |
| Elk are most abundant in the Cataloochee area in the southeastern section of the park. | WIKI |
| Over 100 species of trees grow in the park. | WIKI |
| In addition, the park has over 1,400 flowering plant species and over 4,000 species of non-flowering plants. | WIKI |
| Surrounding towns, notably Gatlinburg, Pigeon Forge, Sevierville, and Townsend, Tennessee, and Cherokee, Sylva, Maggie Valley, and Bryson City, North Carolina, receive a significant portion of their income from tourism associated with the park. | WIKI |
| The two main visitor centers inside the park are Sugarlands Visitors' Center near the Gatlinburg entrance to the park and Oconaluftee Visitor Center near Cherokee, North Carolina, at the eastern entrance to the park. | WIKI |
| These ranger stations provide exhibits on wildlife, geology, and the history of the park. | WIKI |
| U.S. Highway 441 (known in the park as Newfound Gap Road) bisects the park, providing automobile access to many trailheads and overlooks, most notably that of Newfound Gap. | WIKI |
| At an elevation of 5,048 feet (1,539xc2xa0m), it is the lowest gap in the mountains and is situated near the center of the park, on the Tennessee/North Carolina state line, halfway between the border towns of Gatlinburg and Cherokee. | WIKI |
| On clear days Newfound Gap offers arguably the most spectacular scenes accessible via highway in the park. | WIKI |
| The park has a number of historical attractions. | WIKI |
| Other historical areas within the park include Roaring Fork, Cataloochee, Elkmont, and the Mountain Farm Museum and Mingus Mill on the Oconaluftee River. | WIKI |
| There are 850 miles (1,370xc2xa0km) of trails and unpaved roads in the park for hiking, including 70 miles (110xc2xa0km) of the Appalachian Trail. | WIKI |
| [42] Mount Le Conte is one of the most frequented destinations in the park. | WIKI |
| Its elevation is 6,593 feet (2,010xc2xa0m), the third highest summit in the park and, measured from its base to its highest peak, the tallest mountain east of the Mississippi River. | WIKI |
| Accessible solely by trail, it is the only private lodging available inside the park. | WIKI |
| Most of the park's trail shelters are located along the Appalachian Trail or a short distance away on side trails. | WIKI |
| In addition to the Appalachian Trail shelters used mostly for extended backpacking trips there are three shelters in the park that are not located on the Appalachian Trail. | WIKI |
| It can accommodate 12 people per night, and is the only backcountry site in the entire park that has a permanent ban on campfires. | WIKI |
| Laurel Gap Shelter is one of the more remote shelters in the park. | WIKI |
| Designated backcountry campsites are scattered throughout the park. | WIKI |
| A permit, available at ranger stations and via the Park website, is required for all backcountry camping. | WIKI |
| The park's waters have long had a reputation for healthy trout activity as well as challenging fishing terrain. | WIKI |
| Horseback riding (offered by the national park and on limited trails), bicycling (available for rent in Cades Cove) and water tubing are all also practiced within the park. | WIKI |
| From late May to early June, the Elkmont area of the park hosts the peak display period for synchronous fireflies (Photinus carolinus), one of at least 19 species of fireflies that live in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. | WIKI |
| The park service maintains four historic districts and one archaeological district within park boundaries, as well as nine individual listings on the National Register of Historic Places. | WIKI |
| The park includes the largest remnant of the diverse Arcto-Tertiary geoflora era left in the world, and provides an indication of the appearance of late Pleistocene flora. | UNESCO |
| The park is of exceptional natural beauty with undisturbed, virgin forest including the largest block of virgin red spruce remaining on earth. | UNESCO |
| The park is also home to the worldxe2x80x99s greatest diversity of salamander species (31) - an important indicator of overall ecosystem health - and is the center of diversity for lungless salamanders, with 24 species. | UNESCO |
| The park adjoins several national forests on parts of its boundary, providing some additional protection and connectivity to the larger landscape. | UNESCO |
| In spite of the parkxe2x80x99s size, it does face important challenges. | UNESCO |
| Air pollution from outside park boundaries diminishes park views, damages plant life and degrades high elevation streams and soils. | UNESCO |
| Non-native wild hogs can also have locally significant impacts on the park and park staff are also taking measures against several species of non-native trout. | UNESCO |
| Of note is the All-Taxa Biological Inventory, a concentrated effort to identify and record every single species within the park. | UNESCO |
| This will greatly assist park management in understanding and protecting the parkxe2x80x99s resources. | UNESCO |
| In addition, the park has specific enabling legislation which provides broad congressional direction regarding the primary purposes of the park. | UNESCO |
| Numerous other federal laws bring additional layers of protection to the park and its resources, including the Clean Air Act. | UNESCO |
| Day to day management is directed by the Park Superintendent. | UNESCO |
| In addition, the National Park Service has established Management Policies which provide broader direction for all National Park Service units, including Great Smoky Mountains. | UNESCO |